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불확실성과 시간압박 상황에서 커뮤니케이션 네트워크의 문제해결 정확도에 대한 효과

Effects of Communication Networks on the Accuracy of Problem Solving in Uncertainty and Time pressure

이성철
한국산업경영학회 (Korean Association Of Industrial Business Administrarion)|2017.11|경영연구 (Journal of Business Research)|제32권 제4호|pp. 1-27|DOI 10.22903/jbr.2017.32.4.1

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참고문헌

키워드

불확실성accuracy정확도uncertainty집중도time pressure시간압박communication networkcentralization커뮤니케이션 네트워크
주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구에서는 조직생활에서 의사결정이나 문제해결을 하기 위해 의사소통을 하는 과정에서 형성되는 커뮤니케이션 패턴에 따라 문제해결의 정확도가 어떻게 달라지는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 집중형 네트워크인 바퀴형과 분산형 네트워크인 순환형과 개방형의 세 네트워크에서 문제해결의 정확도를 실험하였다. 그 결과, 의사소통 통로수가 많을수록 즉, 집중도가 낮을수록 문제해결의 정확도가 더 높아졌다. 또한 의사소통 상황에서 당면하는 불확실성과 시간압박의 상황변수에 따라 커뮤니케이션 네트워크의 효과가 어떻게 나타나는지를 규명해보고자 하였다. 확실성 상황에서는 네트워크의 집중도가 높을수록 문제해결의 정확도가 더 높게 나타났고, 불확실성 상황에서는 집중도가 낮을수록 문제해결의 정확도가 더 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 시간압박과 관련하여서도 네트워크의 정확도가 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 시간압박이 낮은 상황에서는 집중도가 낮을수록 문제해결의 정확도가 더 높게 나타난 반면에, 시간압박이 높은 상황에서는 집중도가 높을수록 문제해결의 정확도가 더 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 불확실성과 시간압박의 상호작용에 따른 네트워크의 문제해결 정확도는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그리고 불확실성은 커뮤니케이션 네트워크의 분산화에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보이며, 시간압박은 네트워크의 집중화에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보인다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of communication networks on the accuracy of problem solving under situation of uncertainty and time pressure in four-person groups. Three networks were divided into one-channel(wheel), two-channel (circle) and three-channel(concom) network according to centrality. The uncertainty was manipulated by varying stimulus ambiguity. The time pressure was manipulated by varying the use of the time reminders. The accuracy of problem solving was determined by the numbers of correct answer out of five trials. The accuracy of problem solving produced significant difference among three networks. The accuracy was presented the most highly in concom(three –channel) network, and circle(two-channel) network was showed more high accurate answer than wheel(one- channel) network. Also, the networks was produced significant difference according to the degree of uncertainty or time pressure. That is, the participants judged correctly common task identification in order of wheel, circle, and concom network under certainty situation, whereas the participants judged correctly common task identification in order of concom, circle and wheel network under uncertainty situation. However the effects was showed adversely according to degree of time pressure. The participants judged correctly common task identification in order of concom, circle and wheel network under low time pressure situation, whereas the participants judges correctly common task identification in order of wheel, concom and circle under high time pressure. However the networks did not produced significant difference according to interaction of uncertainty and time pressure. As a result, uncertainty affected decentralization of communication network but time pressure affected centralization of communication network. The accuracy of problem solving in communication networks can be explained by saturation hypothesis.

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