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서비스 종사자의 감정노동전략과 직무소진 관계에 관한 실증적 연구: 감성리더십과 신뢰의 조절효과

An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Emotional Labor Strategy and Job Burnout: Moderating Role of Emotional Leadership and Trust

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참고문헌

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주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 서비스산업 조직에서 고객을 응대하는 접점을 관리해야 하는 서비스업의 특성 상 종사자들의 감정노동전략이 직무소진에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 또한 해당 서비스조직 리더의 감성리더십과 상사에 대한 신뢰가 구성원들의 감정노동전략과 직무소진 사이를 조절한다는 것을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 실증자료는 임의표본추출방법을 사용하여 C사 영화관 44개 지점 종업원을 대상으로 직접방문과 우편으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 조절회귀분석을 통한 실증분석 결과는 서비스 종사자들의 직무수행 과정에서 자신의 직무요구에 대처하여 스스로 선택하는 감정노동전략(표면행동/내면행동)에 따라서 직무소진의 정도가 서로 다르게 나타났다. 또한 리더의 감성리더십과 리더가 종업원들로부터 받는 신뢰성의 정도는 서비스 종사자들의 감정노동전략 선택과 직무소진간의 관계를 어떻게 조절하는지 확인해 볼 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 서비스 종사자들의 감정노동전략이 직무소진과의 관계에서 통계적으로 유의한 직접적 영향을 미치고 또 이러한 관계에서 팀 조직의 리더가 발휘하는 감성리더십과 구성원의 리더에 대한 신뢰가 통계적으로 유의한 조절작용을 하는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 실무적으로 서비19스 조직의 구성원들이 선택하는 감정노동전략에 따라 그들 개인의 직무소진 정도가 달라진다는 것을 이론적으로 확인하였고, 서비스 직군을 관리하는 팀 리더의 감성리더십과 구성원들의 신뢰 정도가 직무소진을 감소시킬 수 있음을 실무적으로 시사하였다. 이러한 결과는 조직의 입장에서 직무소진관리는 서비스 종사자들의 감정노동전략에 적합한 감성리더십과 팀 조직에서 구성원들로부터의 신뢰를 확보할 수 있는 팀 리더의 개발이 중요시해야 한다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

Abstract

This research attempts to confirm the effect of emotional labor strategy on jobburnout among service employees who are demanded by customer-facing organizationsservice industry to display positive emotions in managing contacts with customers bythe nature of hospitality job. In addition, it tries to examine empirically any moderatingrole of emotional leadership and the trust in the relationship between the emotionallabor strategy and job burnout among the service employees. The raw data for the study were collected by surveying a convenient sample of 44cinema sites of "C" entertainment company through questionnaires. The results ofmultiple regression analyses showed that emotional labor strategies are significantlyrelated to job burnout among service employees displaying emotional regulations tocope with demands of service jobs. Also, it implied a few moderating role of emotionalleadership and trust in the relationship. Some implications from the results show that emotional strategy and job burnout arerelated statistically significant to each other among service employees. And bothemotional leadership and trust moderated the relationship between emotional strategyand burnout. That is, for the individuals in service organization, emotional leadershipcould be an effective tool to reduce their personal job burnout. Theoretically thisresearch identified the importance of top management responsibility for developingemotional leadership and fostering trust among service employees. From the practicalviewpoint, it indicated that an organization should provide some HR developmentprograms for effective emotional labor strategy, emotional leadership, and trust inleaders to reduce job burnout of service employees.

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