감정노동행동이 직무만족에 미치는 영향- 감성리더십과 임파워먼트의 조절효과 -
An Empirical Study on the Effect of Emotional Labor on Job Satisfaction - The Moderating Effects of Emotional Leadership and Empowerment -
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본 연구의 목적은 급변하는 환경에 적응해야 하는 조직에서 자신의 감정과 다른 감정을 표현해야 되는 직무역할 때문에 새롭게 연구의 필요성이 제기 되고 있는 감정노동행동이 직무만족에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지와 이러한 관계에서 감성리더십과 임파워먼트의 조절효과를 검증하는 것이다. 이러한 연구 목적을 위해 부산 경남 지역 서비스업체 423명의 구성원을 대상으로 실증연구를 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 종업원 감정노동행동의 하위차원인 기초내면행동과 고객관점 내면행동이 직무만족에 유의적인 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있었지만, 기초표면행동, 심화표면행동, 고객응대 내면행동은 직무만족에 유의적인 영향을 미치지 않고 있음을 검증하였다. 둘째, 감성리더십의 조절효과는 감정노동행동 하위차원 중 기초내면행동과 고객응대 내면행동이 직무만족에 미치는 영향력에 유의적인 조절효과가 있음을 검증하였다. 셋째, 임파워먼트의 조절효과는 감정노동행동 하위차원 중 심화표면행동, 고객응대 내면행동, 그리고 고객관점 내면행동이 직무만족에 미치는 영향력에 유의적인 조절효과가 있음을 검증하였다. 본 연구는 감정노동행동의 하위차원들이 직무만족에 영향을 미치고 있는 모델을 제시하였다는 이론적 시사점과 조직에서 감정노동행동을 하는 종업원들의 직무만족을 높이기 위해서는 감성리더십과 임파워먼트가 중요하다는 시사점을 제공한다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 한계와 미래 연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.
Abstract
This study is empirical analysis to subcategory of emotional labor which are surfacing acting (Basic Surface Acting and Challenged Surface Acting) and deep acting (Basic Deep Acting, Perspective Taking Deep Acting and Positive Refocus Deep Acting), Blau et al.(2010), influence boss's emotional leadership and member's empowerment as moderating variable on job satisfaction. Validity dependent variables and validity moderating variables was merged into one variable by factor analysis during verify hypothesis with 423 validity survey. Purpose of merging variable is influence of emotional labor depends on personality traits for superordinate concept such emotional leadership is more important than subcategory such as social competence. The verification of hypothesis result are as following. First, basic deep acting and positive refocus deep acting of emotional labor showed significant effect on job satisfaction. Second, boss's emotional leadership is moderating effect to basic deep acting and perspective taking deep acting of emotional labor on job satisfaction. Third, empowerment is moderating effect to challenged surface acting, perspective taking deep acting and positive refocus deep acting of emotional leadership on job satisfaction. In conclusion, job satisfaction is important for member of emotional labor. Furthermore boss's emotional leadership influence job satisfaction and empowerment also important factor to affect job satisfaction. Leaders should understand and consider member's emotion to increase capacity of emotional labor through harmonious relationship. Member should find out themselves customer's desire or what clients need because producing and consuming at same time and place. If employee handle appropriate, duty and accomplishment are increased then job satisfaction is going up. Therefore employees have customer oriented attitude it is connected customer satisfaction. As a result, customer satisfaction contribute to profit of company and get one of competitiveness that is strategic human resource management.
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