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사회적기업에서 조직동일시의 선행요인과 조직시민행동 간 관계연구

The Antecedents of Organizational Identification and its effect on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour in Social enterprises

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주제분류경영학

초록

사회문제 해결을 위한 사회적 미션, 가치, 목표를 달성하고자 영리적 수단을 활용하는 사회적기업에 대한 관심은 높아져 왔다. 임금이나 인센티브 등 외적 보상을 통한 동기부여가 제약된 사회적기업은 종업원들의 목표와 조직에 대한 목표를 일체화하여 자발적 헌신과 노력을 이끌어 내는것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 사회정체성 이론을 기반으로 개인의 심리적 요소인 소명의식, 조직 특성인 커뮤니케이션 풍토(개방성) 및 지각된 외부평판이 조직동일시의 선행요인으로 작용하는지 밝히고자 한다. 또한, 조직동일시와 종업원의 조직시민행동 간 관계 및 조직동일시의 매개역할을 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해, 대구 사회적기업 종업원을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 333명의 응답을분석하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 종업원의 소명의식, 커뮤니케이션 풍토(개방성), 지각된 외부평판은 종업원들의 조직에 대한 동일시에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤으며, 소명의식과는 매우 강한 인과성을 보여주었다. 둘째, 조직동일시는 조직시민행동에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 조직동일시는 종업원의 소명의식, 커뮤니케이션 풍토(개방성), 지각된 외부평판과 조직시민행동 간 관계를 매우 유의적으로 매개역할을 하고 있음을 보여주었다. 결론부에서는 연구의 결과를 요약하고 연구의 의의와 시사점 및 한계점을 제시하였다.

Abstract

The social, political and academic concerns have risen on social enterprises that apply commercial means to achieve social mission, values and goals for solving specific social problems. Given the lack of extrinsic rewards, social enterprises need employees’ voluntary commitment and efforts through their identification on organizations. This study aims to shed light on the antecedents (the sense of calling, openness in communication climate and perceived external prestige) of organizational identification (OI) in social enterprises and its effect on organizational citizenship behaviour. Further, it examines the mediation effects of OI between the antecedents of OI and organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB). The authors empirically tested data collected from a sample of 333 employees who have worked in social enterprises. The empirical findings were as followed. First, the sense of calling, openness in communication climate and perceived external prestige have statistically positive impacts on OI. In particular, the sense of calling showed a very significant relationship with OI. Second, OI has a positive impact on OCB. Finally, OI significantly mediated the associations between the independent variables and OCB. In conclusive part, we summarized the empirical findings and discussed implications and limitations.

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