고성과작업시스템과 조직성과 - 자동화 정도가 미치는 조절 효과의 시사점 -
High Performance Work System and Organizational Performance : The Implication of Moderating Effect of Automation.
0
조회
0
다운로드
4
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
현재의 경영환경은 기술의 발전으로 산업 내의 경쟁 심화와 더불어 산업 간의 경계가 모호해지고 있다. 이러한 경영환경의 시대에 기업의 경쟁우위를 확보하고, 조직의 성과를 올리기 위한 효과적인 전략과 인적자원관리의 방향에 관하여 관심이 고조되고 있다. 본 연구는 인간 숙련과 역량을 중시하는 고성과작업시스템과 이와 다소 이질적인 자동화 기술이 어떻게 상호작용하는지에 대한 주제를 분석하였다. 향후, 산업기술 발전으로 자동화 정도 수준이 인지능력을 확보한 양적 또는 질적 증가가 예상됨으로 ‘자동화 정도가 고성과작업시스템과 더불어 조직성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지’에 대한 주제는 앞으로 기업의 인적자원관리 정책 방향을 예측하고 결정하는 것에 크게 기여할 수 있다. 한국노동연구원 사업체 패널 자료 2차(2007년)에서 6차(2015년)까지의 패널 자료를 활용하여 고성과작업시스템이 조직성과에 미치는 영향, 고성과작업시스템과 자동화 정도의 상호작용이 조직성과에 미치는 영향에 대하여 실증적으로 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 조직성과로써 노동생산성과 자발적 이직률 등 두 가지를 포함하였다. 분석의 결과 고성과작업시스템은 노동생산성에 정(+)적 영향을 주고 자발적 이직률에는 부(-)적 영향을 주었다. 아울러 자동화 정도와 고성과작업시스템의 상호작용변수는 노동생산성에 대해 부(-)적 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 자동화 정도는 고성과작업시스템이 노동생산성에 미치는 영향을 완화하는 결과를 보여주고 있다. 반면 자발적 이직률에 대한 상호작용 효과는 유의하지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 최근 급격한 기술적 환경변화에서 기업이 대응하기 위해 필요한 인적자원관리와 기술이 어떻게 조화를 이루고 균형을 이뤄야 하는지에 대한 다양한 논의를 촉발할 것이다.
Abstract
We studied empirically the impacts of High Performance Work System on the organizational performances composing of turnover rate and labor productivity as well as the moderating effects of the automation level on the relation between HPWS and performance(turnover rate, labor productivity). We analyzed the balanced workplace panel data from 2007(2nd year) to 2015(6th year) surveyed by Korea Labor Institute, The results are as follows. HPWS made a positive impact on productivity and negative impact on turnover rate as we expected, The moderating effect of automation on the relation between HPWS and productivity was found to be negative, but the moderating effect of automation between HPWS and turnover rate was not significant. Based on the results, the automation level of workplace somewhat neutralized the positive impact of HPWS on labor productivity. This moderating effect of automation means the possibility that HPWS and automation might be a substitute over the role in the workplace than complement each other. We discussed that the role of substitute might be dependent on the level of artificial intelligence technology consisting of automation. We argued that the higher AI level of automation, the substitute role of automation would be higher over the human skill supported by HPWS. Finally, we suggested the theoretical and practical implications with the limitation of this study.
참고문헌 (95)
- LG 주간경제, "로봇, 인공지능의 발전이 중산층을위협한다", ~ (2014)
- 강성춘, "고성과작업시스템의 활용과 효과의 상황적합성", 인사조직연구, 17(4), pp.125~168 (2009), 한국인사조직학회
- 김건식, "고성과 작업시스템이 기술혁신에 미치는 영향 : 혁신 분위기와 인적 자본의 매개효과를 중심으로", 인사조직연구, 21(1), pp.65~109 (2013), 한국인사조직학회
- 김경묵, "종업원 참여가 노동 생산성에 미치는 영향: 의사결정 참여와 성과 참여의 효과를 중심으로", 대한경영학회지, 33(1), pp.97~123 (2020), 대한경영학회
- 김민영, "자동화 기술의 발전이 지역노동시장 중간일자리 감소에 미치는 영향 : 잠재성장모형의 적용", 국토연구, 93, pp.25~41 (2017), 국토연구원[DOI]
- 김윤호, "경영진의 인적자원 중시 가치와 기업성과가 고성과 작업시스템 변화에 미치는 영향", 인사조직연구, 24(3), pp.101~126 (2016), 한국인사조직학회
- 김진희, "사업전략과 인사관리의 결합성이 기업성과에 미치는 효과에 대한 종단분석", 한국경영공학회지, 24(2), pp.55~72 (2019), 한국경영공학회[DOI]
- 나인강, "고성과작업시스템과 기업성과- 인적자원성과의 매개효과 -", 인적자원관리연구, 21(1), pp.41~62 (2014), 한국인적자원관리학회[DOI]
- 노세리, "가족친화적 고성과작업시스템에 대한 듀얼아젠다 접근", 인사조직연구, 19(3), pp.1~29 (2011), 한국인사조직학회
- 노용진, "자동화기술과 작업조직", 노동정책연구, 12(2), pp.1~26 (2012), 한국노동연구원[DOI]
- 류동우, "고성과작업시스템과 양면성 역량이 기업의 혁신성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 혁신지향적 조직문화의 조절효과를 중심으로", 경영연구, 34(4), pp.135~157 (2019), 한국산업경영학회[DOI]
- 류성민, "환경, 인사부문의 전략적 참여, 인사시스템, 인사관리효과성 및 기업성과의 관계에 관한 연구", 인사조직연구, 15(1), pp.1~43 (2007), 한국인사조직학회
- 민인식, "STATA 패널데이타분석" (2016), 지필미디어
- 박오원, "핵심인재관리와 조직성과 : 기업규모 및 종업원 참여제도의 조절효과", 대한경영학회지, 26(2), pp.389~409 (2013), 대한경영학회
- 박지성, "노사관계와 고성과작업시스템 실행 정도: 노동조합 및 인사부문 파워의 조절효과", 경영연구, 32(4), pp.213~238 (2017), 한국산업경영학회[DOI]
- 신덕정, "AMO 모델을 활용한 인적자원제도와 조직혁신성에 관한 연구: 혁신문화의 조절효과를 중심으로", 조직과 인사관리연구, 43(3), pp.131~148 (2019), 한국인사관리학회[DOI]
- 오은희, "마일즈와 스노우의 경영전략, 고성과작업시스템이 혁신성과에 미치는 영향: 적합성 관점과 SOR 관점의 비교", 경영연구, 35(2), pp.1~31 (2020), 한국산업경영학회[DOI]
- 옥지호, "고성과작업시스템의 결정요인에 대한 연구: 산업수준의 특성을 중심으로", 산업관계연구, 28(2), pp.25~50 (2018), 한국고용노사관계학회[DOI]
- 이정현, "고성과 작업시스템이 노동조합의 활성화에 미치는 영향에 대한 탐색적 연구", 인사조직연구, 13(3), pp.139~170 (2005), 한국인사조직학회
- 임운택, "디지털화 과정에서 노동과 기술의 문제: 독일 산업 4.0 사례를 중심으로", 산업노동연구, 25(2), pp.123~153 (2019), 한국산업노동학회
- 2016 다보스포럼: 다가오는 4차 산업혁명에 대한 우리의 전략은?, "과학기술정책", 2016, 12~15
- 전인, "조직자원, 동적역량과 경쟁우위 간 관계 연구 -동적역량의 매개효과를 중심으로-", 경영연구, 31(2), pp.386~416 (2016), 한국산업경영학회[DOI]
- Acemoglu, D., "Handbook of labor economics (Vol. 4)", pp.1043~1171 (2011), Elsevier
- Adler, P. S., "Technology and the future of work" (1992), Oxford University Press
- Altman, N., "Technology and work in German industry" (1992), RKP
- Appelbaum, E., "Manufacturing advantage:Why high-performance work systems pay off" (2000), Cornell University Press
- Arthur, J. B., "The link between business strategy and industrial relations systems in American steel minimills", ILR Review, 45(3), pp.488~506 (1992)
- Autor, D. H., "The skill content of recent technological change : An empirical exploration", Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118(4), pp.1279~1333 (2003)
- Barney, J. B., "On becoming a strategic partner-The role of human resources in gaining competitive advantage", Human Resource Management, 37(1), pp.31~46 (1998)
- Barrat, J., "Our final invention: Artificial intelligence and the end of the human era" (2013), Macmillan
- Baweja, B., "Extreme automation and connectivity:The global, regional, and investment implications of the Fourth Industrial Revolution", UBS White Paper for the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting, 18 (2016)
- Bayo‐Moriones, A., "The effects of integrated manufacturing on job characteristics", New Technology, Work and Employment, 25(1), pp.63~79 (2010)
- Becker, B. E., "Strategic human resources management: Where do we go from here?", Journal of Management, 32(6), pp.898~925 (2006)
- Beltrán-Martín, I., "Human resource flexibility as a mediating variable between high performance work systems and performance", Journal of Management, 34(5), pp.1009~1044 (2008)
- Blumberg, M., "Coping with advanced manufacturing technology", Journal of Organizational Behavior, 5(2), pp.113~130 (1984)
- Brynjolfsson, E., "The second machine age work, progress, and prosperity in a time of brilliant technologies" (2014), WW Norton &Company
- Buhr, D., "Social innovation policy for industry 4. 0", Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Division for Social and Economic Policies, ~ (2015)
- Chadwick, C., "Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management", pp.1~35 (1999)
- Chadwick, C., "Resource orchestration in practice : CEO emphasis on SHRM, commitment‐based HR systems, and firm performance", Strategic Management Journal, 36(3), pp.360~376 (2015)
- Chadwick, C., "Boundary conditions of the highinvestment human resource systems-small-firm labor productivity relationship", Personnel Psychology, 66, pp.311~343 (2013)
- Colbert, B. A., "The complex resource-based view : Implications for theory and practice in strategic human resource management", Academy of Management Review, 29(3), pp.341~358 (2004)
- Collins, C. J., "Knowledge exchange and combination : The role of human resource practices in the performance of high-technology firms", Academy of Management Journal, 49(3), pp.544~560 (2006)
- Combs, J., "How much do high‐performance work practices matter? A meta‐analysis of their effects on organizational performance", Personnel Psychology, 59(3), pp.501~528 (2006)
- Datta, D. K., "Human resource management and labor productivity: Does industry matter?", Academy of Management Journal, 48(1), pp.135~145 (2005)
- D'Aveni, R. A., "The age of temporary advantage", Strategic Management Journal, 31(13), pp.1371~1385 (2010)
- Delery, J. E., "Modes of theorizing in strategic human resource management tests of universalistic, contingency, and configurational performance predictions", Academy of management Journal, 39(4), pp.802~835 (1996)
- DiMaggio, P. J., "The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields", American Sociological Review, pp.147~160 (1983)
- Dyer, L., "Human resource strategies and firm performance: What do we know and where do we need to go?", International Journal of Human Resource Management, 6(3), pp.656~670 (1995)
- Ericksen, J., "High-performance work systems, dynamic workforce alignment, and firm performance", Academy of Management Proceedings, 2007(1), pp.1~6 (2007)
- Evans, W. R., "High-performance work systems and organizational performance : The mediating role of internal social structure", Journal of Management, 31(5), pp.758~775 (2005)
- Freeman, R. B., "Who benefits most from employee involvement: Firms or workers?", American Economic Review, 90(2), pp.219~223 (2000)
- Frey, C. B., "The future of employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerisation?", Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 114, pp.254~280 (2017)
- Grant, R. M., "Prospering in dynamicallycompetitive environments : Organizational capability as knowledge integration", Organization Science, 7(4), pp.375~387 (1996)
- Guthrie, J. P., "High-involvement work practices, turnover, and productivity : Evidence from New Zealand", Academy of Management Journal, 44(1), pp.180~190 (2001)
- Guthrie, J. P., "Dumb and dumber : The impact of downsizing on firm performance as moderated by industry conditions", Organization Science, 19(1), pp.108~123 (2008)
- Huselid, M. A., "The impact of human resource management practices on turnover, productivity, and corporate financial performance", Academy of Management Journal, 38(3), pp.635~672 (1995)
- Huselid, M. A., "Technical and strategic human resources management effectiveness as determinants of firm performance", Academy of Management Journal, 40(1), pp.171~188 (1997)
- Ichniowski, C., "What works at work : Overview and assessment", Industrial Relations : A Journal of Economy and Society, 35(3), pp.299~333 (1996)
- Jensen, J. M., "High-performance work systems and job control : Consequences for anxiety, role overload, and turnover intentions", Journal of Management, 39(6), pp.1699~1724 (2013)
- Jeremy, R., "The end of work: The decline of the global labor force and the dawn of the post-market era", pp.66~75 (1995), Putnam Publishing Group
- Jiang, K., "How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms", Academy of Management Journal, 55(6), pp.1264~1294 (2012)
- Kang, S. C., "Relational archetypes, organizational learning, and value creation : Extending the human resource architecture", Academy of Management Review, 32(1), pp.236~256 (2007)
- Kelley, M. R., "New process technology, job design, and work organization : A contingency model", American Sociological Review, 55(2), pp.191~208 (1990)
- Kooij, D. T., "The influence of age on the associations between HR practices and both affective commitment and job satisfaction : A metaanalysis", Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(8), pp.1111~1136 (2010)
- Korff, J., "Human resource management systems and work attitudes : The mediating role of future time perspective", Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38(1), pp.45~67 (2017)
- Lanier, J., "Who owns the future?" (2014), Simon and Schuster
- Lawler III, E. E., "Choosing an involvement strategy", Academy of Management Perspectives, 2(3), pp.197~204 (1988)
- Lewicki, R., "Trust in organizations: Frontiers of theory and research", pp.114~ (1995), Sage Publications
- MacDuffie, J. P., "Human resource bundles and manufacturing performance : Organizational logic and flexible production systems in the world auto industry", ILR Review, 48(2), pp.197~221 (1995)
- Malos, S. B., "Human resource strategy and career mobility in professional service firms : A test of an options-based model", Academy of Management Journal, 43(4), pp.749~760 (2000)
- McGrath, R. G., "Transient advantage", Harvard Business Review, 91(6), pp.62~70 (2013)
- Mikell, G., "Fundamentals of modern manufacturing:Materials, processes, and systems" (2014), John Wiley &Sons
- Miles, R. E., "Organizational strategy, structure, and process", Academy of Management Review, 3(3), pp.546~562 (1978)
- Muro, M., "Automation and artificial intelligence: How machines are affecting people and places", Think-Asia, ~ (2019)
- Nahapiet, J., "Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage", Academy of Management Review, 23(2), pp.242~266 (1998)
- Ouchi, W. G., "Markets, bureaucracies, and clans", Administrative Science Quarterly, 25(1), pp.129~141 (1980)
- Patel, P. C., "Walking the tightrope : An assessment of the relationship between high-performance work systems and organizational ambidexterity", Academy of Management Journal, 56(5), pp.1420~1442 (2013)
- Pfeffer, J., "Competitive advantage through people", California Management Review, 36(2), pp.9~ (1994)
- Pil, F. K., "The adoption of high‐involvement work practices", Industrial Relations : A Journal of Economy and Society, 35(3), pp.423~455 (1996)
- Pistono, F., "Robots will steal your job, but that's OK: How to survive the economic collapse and be happy" (2012), Federico Pistono
- Ployhart, R. E., "Emergence of the human capital resource : A multilevel model", Academy of Management Review, 36(1), pp.127~150 (2011)
- Podsakoff, P. M., "Transformational leader behaviors and substitutes for leadership as determinants of employee satisfaction, commitment, trust, and organizational citizenship behaviors", Journal of Management, 22(2), pp.259~298 (1996)
- Ramsay, H., "Employees and high‐performance work systems : Testing inside the black box", British Journal of Industrial Relations, 38(4), pp.501~531 (2000)
- Rotman, D., "How technology is destroying jobs", Technology Review, 16(4), pp.28~35 (2013)
- Schwab, K., "The fourth industrial revolution" (2017), Currency
- Shin, D., "Causality between highperformance work systems and organizational performance", Journal of Management, 43(4), pp.973~997 (2014)
- Subramony, M., "A meta‐analytic investigation of the relationship between HRM bundles and firm performance", Human Resource Management, 48(5), pp.745~768 (2009)
- Sutton, J. R., "The two faces of governance: Responses to legal uncertainty in US firms, 1955 to 1985", American Sociological Review, pp.794~811 (1996)
- Takeuchi, R., "An empirical examination of the mechanisms mediating between high-performance work systems and the performance of Japanese organizations", Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(4), pp.1069~ (2007)
- World Robotics., "Executive summary: World robotics 2014 industrial robotics", ~ (2014)
- Wright, P. M., "Desegregating HRM : A review and synthesis of micro and macro human resource management research", Journal of Management, 28(3), pp.247~276 (2002)
- Wright, P. M., "Human resources and the resource based view of the firm", Journal of Management, 27(6), pp.701~721 (2001)
- Wright, P. M., "Strategy, core competence, and HR involvement as determinants of HR effectiveness and refinery performance. Human Resource Management : Published in Cooperation with the School of Business Administration", The University of Michigan and in alliance with the Society of Human Resources Management, 37(1), pp.17~29 (1998)
- Yoo, J. W., "Strategic choice and performance in late movers : Influence of the top management team's external ties", Journal of Management Studies, 46(2), pp.308~335 (2009)
- Zuboff, S., "In the age of the smart machine: The future of work and power" (1988), Basic Books
