청말신정 시기 어업·해계(海界)·도서 분쟁과 해양인식의 변화
The disputes on fishery, sea border, island dominium during the end of Qing dynasty and the change in sea awareness of Qing
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Traditionally, China had taken agriculture as the most important industry while taking fishery as a secondary industry. There had been continuous fishery disputes with neighboring countries such as Joseon and Vietnam; however, the disputes were not so serious. However, the disputes on fishery, sea border and island dominium came forward in the late 19th century and early 20th century. The purpose of this study is exploring the accommodation of modern view on sea and subsequent change in sea awareness of Chinese people through the Bohaiwan (渤海灣) fishery dispute, the Macao sea border negotiation after the Tatsumaru (二辰丸) incident and the Dongshadao (東沙島) dominium dispute at Nanhai Archipelago during the late Qing dynasty. All three incidents had close relation with Japan and the incidents resulted in people’s movement and the enhancement of patriotism. The diplomatic attitude of Qing to achieve its interest in sea using international law became clear and Qing showed clear will to protect its sea right by naval force during the late Qing dynasty. The pattern of territorial water dispute at the late Qing dynasty became the original form of today’s sea dispute in East Asia.
Abstract
Traditionally, China had taken agriculture as the most important industry while taking fishery as a secondary industry. There had been continuous fishery disputes with neighboring countries such as Joseon and Vietnam; however, the disputes were not so serious. However, the disputes on fishery, sea border and island dominium came forward in the late 19th century and early 20th century. The purpose of this study is exploring the accommodation of modern view on sea and subsequent change in sea awareness of Chinese people through the Bohaiwan (渤海灣) fishery dispute, the Macao sea border negotiation after the Tatsumaru (二辰丸) incident and the Dongshadao (東沙島) dominium dispute at Nanhai Archipelago during the late Qing dynasty. All three incidents had close relation with Japan and the incidents resulted in people’s movement and the enhancement of patriotism. The diplomatic attitude of Qing to achieve its interest in sea using international law became clear and Qing showed clear will to protect its sea right by naval force during the late Qing dynasty. The pattern of territorial water dispute at the late Qing dynasty became the original form of today’s sea dispute in East Asia.
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