近代における「尋常一様」とその類似表現の諸相

Abstract

This paper examines the recognition of four-character idiomatic words（Yoji-kango四字漢語, such as 「Futsuu-Ippan 普通一般」 and others, which, inspired by the 「Jinjou-ichiyo(尋常一様)」 has grown into fashion in the modern era. In this research, I basically focus the analysis of the combination of four similar words 「Jinjou尋常․Futsuu普通․Ippan一般․Ichiyou一様」, and try to find other similar words to these four words. In this paper, I exclude 「Jinjou-Shogakko尋常小学․Futsuu-Kyouiku 普通教育」 which express products of modern civilization. Through research on the status of compound words 「Jinjou尋常․Futsuu普通․Ippan一般․Ichiyou一様」, I find that these words are a completely powerful word-formation. These words actively combine with 「Seken世間․Tsuujou通常」, and become more multifaceted when using ‘words of Chinese origin (Kango漢語)’. Looking at their combined conformation, 「尋常 Jinjyou」 has the style of 「尋常＋N」、「Futsuu普通」 has that of 「N＋普通」, 「Ippan一般」 has that of 「N＋一般」, 「Ichiyou一様」 has that of 「N＋一様」. That is, there are a lot of words which have some similarity to 「Jinyo-Ichiyo尋常一様」, but most of them are unenrolled in authoritative dictionaries such as 『Nihon-Kokugo-Daijiten 日本国語大辞典』. I t can be said that this is serious problem. In a general consideration, there should be no contextual problem to using them independently, such as 「Jinjyo尋常」 and 「Futsu普通」. However, four-character idiomatic words(Yoji-Kango四字漢語) such as 「Jinjyou-Ichiyou尋常一様」 can explain with more meticulous precision and more emphatic meaning. It can be seen that new words have been actively used with several purposes like these. Most of these words started to be used as fashionable new words after the Meiji period, though with some minor exceptions. It can be said clearly that the combination power of ‘words of Chinese origin (Kango漢語)’ is really strong, and that the usage of ‘words of Chinese origin’ came to be fashionable in modern Japanese language.