백제 한성도읍기 도성 방어 체계 연구

Abstract

Developing as an ancient country, Baekje inevitably had to reinforce the defence system of its capital to protect its national territory effectively from the northern ethnic groups or countries such as Nakrang, Malgal and Goguryo. In the early period of Hanseong capital, Achaseong fortress and Saseong fortress were constructed in the northen and southern of the Hangang river, respectively, with Pungnabtoseong(the first capital city of Baekje) in the center, which is known as 'Wiryeseong'. Pungnabtoseong alongside Hangang river, was blessed with natural barriers for defense, and shows massive wall and sturdy construction technique. Achaseong fortress had an important role of protecting enemy from the north. In addition, Samseongdongtoseng fortress, which is regarded as Saseong fortress, was also constructed to effectively observe the mouth of the Hangang river, to protect the west of the capital city. In the later period of Hanseong capital, the capital city expanded through the construction of Mongchontoseong fortress as a defensive castle of the Pungnabtoseong. Mongchontoseong fortress was built by taking advantage of the hill of Namhansan mountain, and also increased its defense level by constructing watchtowers on high perches. In particular, the construction of riverbank that stretched from Samseongdongtoseng fortress to Geomdansan mountain, protected the capital city from flooding of the river . On the other hand, it is concluded that the Yiseongsanseong fortress and Namhansanseong fortress on the slopes of Namhansan mountain, which served an important military role as strategic points of the location, are important for literature research on ancient documents. As a result, a unique defence system consisting of Pungnabtoseong and Mongchontoseong fortress as twin capital cities, the Hangang river and riverbank, and mountain fortresses of Namhansan mountain was completed at the later period of Hanseong capital.