15세기 漢城의 使臣 客館 형성과 그 의미

Abstract

This paper examines the process and meaning of the formation of three guesthouses-Taepyoung-gwan(world peace), Dongpyoung-gwan(peace eastward), and Bukpyoung-gwan(peace northward)- in the capital Hanseong built from King Taejo to King Sejong periods. The system of these guesthouses was born from the concept of an international order formulated in the late Goryeo periods and then accomplished in King Sejong period. They however completely disappeared through the dynasty changes from the Imjin War through Ming to Qing in the 17th century. Converted from JeongdongHaengseong in Gaekyung, Taepyoung-gwan was established with the founding of Choseon and it accommodated and served envoys from Ming. This reflected the efforts to make Goryeo-Ming's relationship into a tributary system from King Gongmin in Goryeo periods. This Taepyoung-gwan, built in King Taejo period conventionally following the earlier ones, was renovated in King Taejong and King Sejong periods respectively. The renovation in King Taejong period was more for an aesthetic purpose rather than for a ritual as King Taejong intended to obliterate his father’s traces. The renovation in Sejong period, on the other hand, was a full-scale one for a ritual practicing purpose to serve envoys from Ming. It was not until King Sejong period that the establishment of Dongpyoung-gwan and Bukpyoung- gwan were thoroughly planned. While both Dongpyoung-gwan and Seopyoung- gwan(peace westward) were initially constructed in King Taejong period, their detailed objectives (e.g., for whom and the system of hospitality) were not systematically established. These two were later named as Dongpyoung- gwan to serve Japanese & Ryukyu envoys in King Sejong period, and Bukpyoung-gwan was also built to serve Jurchen envoys. This was done so by developing an exchange system with Japan and Jurchen through pressure and appeasement. The concept of an international order is adequately reflected in the names for those three guesthouses -Taepyoung, Dongpyoung, and Bukpyoung. This means Choseon took the lead in practicing “serving the great and caring for the little” in the form of a tributary system to establish peace and stabilize the relationship between Choseon and Ming as well as with neighboring countries.