자율주행차량의 운행을 위한 법적 이슈
Legal Issues Related with Autonomous Vehicle Operation
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본 연구는 차세대 이동수단인 자율주행차량의 도입에 따른 중요성을 인지하고 자율주행차량의 도입 및 상용화를 위한 법적 기틀을 제시하기 위하여 수행되었다. 우선 국내외 자율주행차량의 시험운행 ‧ 도로운행 ‧ C-ITS ‧ 윤리 관련 법제도에 대하여 고찰하고 이를 토대로 핵심적인 법적 논점과 시사점을 도출하였으며, 이를 토대로 자율주행차량의 수준별로 개편해야할 법제도에 대한 로드맵을 최종적으로 도출하였다. 자율주행차량의 도입 및 상용화의 효율성을 높이기 위해서는 우선적으로 자율주행차량의 수준에 대해 명확히 규정할 필요가 있으며, 관련 법 내에 차량의 운행자에 대한 교육 및 면허 발급 관련 내용을 명시해야 한다. 또한 자율주행차량의 자동모드와 비(非)자동모드 전환 요건 및 운전 모드에 대한 규정이 필요하며 운행 모드에 따른 책임소재에 대해 명확히 해야 하며 개인정보 및 사이버 안전과 관련된 사안에 대해 중점적으로 다뤄야할 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to formulate legal frameworks to commercialize autonomous vehicles (AV). Recognizing the importance of AV as a next-generation transport mode, we review legal propositions around the globe for AV test driving, road operation, C-ITS, and ethical issues, and then discuss core legal issues related with AV operation in Korea. This is followed by a legal road map to commercialize AV in Korea. The study believes the legal requirement of each level of AV should consider every attribute of AV road operation. According to NHTSA, AV Level 3 is considered a proper target in terms of current technology and customer preference for autonomous driving. The law should also require newly-designed AV driver (or passenger) education and driver’s license testing. It is also prerequisite that the law should delineate new code defining when to set autonomous mode with no tort liability. Cyber security and privacy are also dealt with since AVs depend heavily on ICT.
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