고려 개성부와 조선초 한성부의 직제와 영역

Abstract

Koryeo managed several capitals, but its capital system was based on two capitals, Seogyeong and Gaegyeong. Joseon ran the two capitals of Hangyeong and Gaeseong, and it modelled those of Koryeo. Hanseong-bu and Gaeseong-bu in the early Joseon Dynasty were almost equally levelled in the aspect of government system, but actually Hanseong-Bu was superior to Gaeseong-Bu. The stature of Gaeseong-bu as one of central administrative organs in Koryeo was a lot lower than that of Seogyeong-bu as one of local administrative organs, but the stature of Gaegyeong was much higher than that of Seogyeong. Gaeseong-bu in Koryeo had jurisdiction over the inside and outside of capital wall and Gyeonggi or Gyeonggi or inside of capital wall according to time, Anchalsa or Annyeomsa were not sent to Gyeonggi. Hanseong-bu in the Joseon controlled the castle town and 10ri(里) out of the city, and Gyeonggi was governed by Gwanchalsa succeeding to the action of King Gongyang, which formed independent local administrative organs respectively. The jurisdiction sphere of Hanseong-bu was reduced than Gaeseong-bu's as one of central administrative organs in the early Goryeo, but its function and status were stronger. The central government was more influential to Gaegyeong and Gyeonggi in Koryeo than Hangyeong and Gyeonggi in Joseon. Gaegyeong in Koryeo and Hangyeong in Joseon were made up of 5 Bu(部)s and many Bang(坊)s. Though the castle town of Hangyeong was much smaller than Gaegyeong, its number of Bangs was more than Gaegyeong’s, and its functions of Ri(里) weakened as an administration unit. Four Gyo(郊)s in Gaegyeong were basically 10ri(里) away from Gaegyeong wall, if main facilities were settled, they expanded to the inside and outside of 20ri(里). This management of Gyo partly influenced forming the system of 10ri(里) outside the castle in Joseon. While grave locations of Koryeo administrative officers were strongly marked on a basis of the capital direction, those of Joseon administrative officers even in Gyeonggi area were mostly marked on a basis of special counties.