영국 런던에 대한 역사 연구의 동향과 특성
The Research Interests and the Main Characteristics of the Historical Studies of London
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이 논문의 목적은 영국 런던의 역사에 대한 선행연구 내용을 분석하여 연구 동향을 살피고 특성을 찾아내는 데 있다. 연구자는 ‘런던의 역사(History of London)’를 검색어로 사용하여 부산대학교와 한국교육학술정보원이 제공하는 e-Article 전체를 조사하였다. 그 결과 8개의 역사관련 주요 학술지에서 총 2천4백여 개의 논문과 리뷰논문을 찾을 수 있었다. 연구자는 먼저 각 학술지에서 찾은 글들을 주제와 시기별로 데이터베이스화하였다. 영국의 경우, 중앙과 지방정부 소속 역사연구소가 존재하지 않기 때문에 ‘런던지역의 역사연구 동향과 특성’을 파악하기보다 ‘런던지역에 대한 역사연구의 동향과 특성’이 중심 논제가 되었다. 선행연구를 분석한 결과, 역사학자들이 선택한 논제에 일종의 공통분모가 존재하고 있음을 파악할 수 있었다. 여성과 젠더, 섹슈얼러티, 이주민과 이스트 엔드, 런던의 산업적 기반과 더 시티, 그리고 런던의 문화와 런던 사람들의 여가생활이 그것이다. 또한 논제의 상당부분이 근대 초기와 빅토리아시대, 그리고 근대시대 일반에 집중되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 선행 연구자들은 매우 다양한 자료를 사료로 사용하고 있으며, 특정 지역, 건물, 인물도 런던의 역사를 다각도로 분석하는 단초가 되었다. 뿐 아니라 영국제국 및 세계 상업제국의 수도인 런던의 위상에 걸맞게 전세계적인 시각에서 런던의 역사를 파악하였고, 런던과 유럽 및 미국의 도시들을 비교･연구하여 런던의 코스모폴리턴적인 성격과 비교우위를 증명하고자 했다. 결국 선행연구자들은 영국 역사와의 상관관계 속에서 런던의 역사를 분석하기보다 오히려 런던 그 자체에 관심을 두었다. 그리고 빈민들의 삶에 관심을 기울인 반면 현대 런던이 안고 있는 이주민, 난민, 브렉시트(Brexit) 등의 현안에 대해서는 비교적 무관심한 태도를 취하고 있음을 발견할 수 있었다.
Abstract
This paper aims at analyzing the ways in which historians have made use of the research topic, the history of London, and to what extent different approaches and debates have been developed in various historical subfields. An extensive search of the historical works containing key words "history of London" in RISS have been carried out, and 208,687 articles are reached. Of these, only 2,460 articles were relevant. A survey of such articles and an analysis of the contents in an effort to find the research interests, trends and characteristics of the historical studies on the topic suggest that there are common denominators among the research interests undertaken by historians. Historians have taken particular interests in the studies on women, gender, sexualities, migrant-settlers and the East End, The City, London in the Industrial Revolution, the city’s culture and the pastimes of the Londoners. It is surprising to find that there is a lack of interests in the political sphere of the city. The findings suggest that historians have used a wide spectrum of sources to analyze research topics. In addition, several academics from different historical subfields and with various perspectives examine the histories of historical buildings, areas and individuals to deepen the analysis of the topics. London is often seen as the core of the world economic system, never a mere centre of the British economy. Moreover, Historians seem to focus more on the less privileged of the city and nothing of the contemporary. In summary, the analysis of the contents of historical studies on the history of London illustrates the ways in which the history of London has been represented by historians with great interests.
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