동·서해공동특구 해양관광 개발 방향 검토 - 전문가의견 비교분석을 중심으로

Abstract

This study examines policy measures available in the east coast joint special tourism zone and the west coast joint special economic zone, agreed between two leaders of both Koreas, reflecting new issues raised regarding inter-Korean tourism since 2018, passed more than ten years from the moment that it had ceased in 2008. Directions for developing marine and coastal tourism in the both zones are suggested based on the comparative analysis of expert surveys conducted in 2018 and 2019. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of tourism development in both zones appeared to be similar overall, but different in details. For the east, increased interest of foreign investors in the North turned out to be the biggest opportunity, while outflow of tourism revenues was considered as a main threat. For the west, even though increased demand of eco-tourism, adventure-tourism, and cruise tourism was a main opportunity, lack of amenities and other tourism activities, inconsistency of policies, and foreseeable conflicts between industries in terms of spaces for development were considered as weaknesses and threats. In the east zone, the expansion of Mt.Geumgang tourism to the East Sea Rim tourism and overall development of local areas were expected, but several things such as tourism products, personal security, and procedural simplification would have to be addressed. While domestic private capitals and Overseas Development Aids were highly considerable, designation of a marine tourism district connecting both Koreas and support to design related tourism products are required. Priorities are on Wonsan and Goseong, which could be connected and expanded from Goseong-Sokcho, Tongcheon-Yangyang, and Wonsan-Gangneung in phases. In the west zone, necessities of inter-Korean tourism base, its expansion to the West Sea Rim tourism, and new paradigm of inter-Korean tourism cooperation were raised. Amenities, accessibility, and personal security are urgent questions in the region. While Inter-Korean Cooperation Fund and international private capitals were considered to be more applicable, inter-Korean marine tourism districts and inducement of private investment were also emphasized. Priorities are on Nampo- Pyongyang and the Han River estuary-Gaesong, where individual tourism could be realized in terms of cruise, MICE, and industrial tourism, etc.