코퍼스를 이용한 「∼にくい」 「∼づらい」 「∼がたい」에 관한 의미 분석

Abstract

Based on BCCWJ, the present study explores how the three forms ‐nikui, ‐zurai, and –gatai are used in actual texts and what semantic properties each form exhibits. ‐Nikui is connected to volitional verbs or non‐volitional verbs and indicates difficulty in realizing and changing actions. As a result of detailed analysis of the object of the connected verb, first, when the body, substance, transportation machinery, abstract nouns come to the object, they mainly showed physical difficulties. Second, it shows physiological difficulties. Third, when abstract nouns, people, and emotional nouns come to the subject, they showed psychological difficulties. ‐Zuraialso showed difficulty in realizing and continuing the actions connected with non‐volitional verbs unlike the previous study of connecting to volitional verbs only. Through the analysis of the corpus, I found that physical and mental causes are included on the subject who has a difficulty in realizing and changing actions. Although it was confirmed by the corpus that ‐gatai with the volitional verb, I was able to understand through rare examples that there are cases in which it is sometimes rarely connected with non‐volitional verb but may occasionally be connected.