1920년대 대만 공학교 도화교육

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to clarify the introduction of free drawing educational thought at public school which was primary institution of Taiwan in 1920’s. Free drawing education has been begun since 1918 in Japan. It criticized Japanese state textbook, ‘Shin Jung Hwa Chup’, which focused on perfunctory description and insisted on the free artistic expressive methods. In the Japanese colonial period, Taiwan published first public school drawing textbook in 1921 which was made by the model of 'Shin Jung Hwa Chup'. The public school drawing textbook had scientific structures to concern physical developments of children. However, the contents were composed to basic knowledge to enhance descriptive abilities and had possibilities to adopt methods which concentrate on explanation. It was designated as a state textbook by Japanese governor-general of Taiwan that might have a decisive effect on art education until publishing elementary drawing textbook in 1934. On the contrary, Il-Shin public school located Taipei in 1929 enforced the art education which considered inner needing and interests of children. The drawing education of Il-Shin public school aimed that expressive thought through free drawing in the lower grades, developing objective cognition and descriptive abilities in the middle grades and improving appreciative criticism and creativity judged from their own view in the upper grades. This proved partial art education field had been accepted the free drawing educational thoughts despite educational policy regulations of government under Japanese imperialism.