‘착한’의 연어현상에 대한 사회언어학적 접근
A Sociolinguistic Approach to the Collocational Phenomenon of ‘Chakhan’
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This paper investigates the collocation of the Korean adjective chakhan ‘good-natured’ with a large variety of nouns referring to [-HUMAN] entities. This non-literal collocation of chakhan is categorized into four groups based on the meaning of chakhan in each collocation. Although collocative chakhan produces different senses in different groups, chakhan in every collocation has at its core a sense of being ‘considerate of others’ which is also implied in the literal meaning of chakhan. Its other different senses come from either the meaning of the nouns it collocates with, or the context in which the collocation appears. The productive use of non-literal chakhan reflects the change in people’s interpretation of chakhada over the years: From the late 1990’s to mid-2000s, it was interpreted to many people as expressing negative human attributes not adequate to survive in the age of unlimited competition and relentless meritocracy. However, as the criticism of the neo-liberalism and the claim for economic democratization have become stronger since 2006 and especially after the global financial crisis in 2008, chakhada has been reinterpreted as a positive value promoting co-existence, sharing and co-prosperity. Extensive use of the chakhan collocation reflects that there is a move away from the current neo-liberalism to a new system which emphasizes sharing and growing together.
Abstract
This paper investigates the collocation of the Korean adjective chakhan ‘good-natured’ with a large variety of nouns referring to [-HUMAN] entities. This non-literal collocation of chakhan is categorized into four groups based on the meaning of chakhan in each collocation. Although collocative chakhan produces different senses in different groups, chakhan in every collocation has at its core a sense of being ‘considerate of others’ which is also implied in the literal meaning of chakhan. Its other different senses come from either the meaning of the nouns it collocates with, or the context in which the collocation appears. The productive use of non-literal chakhan reflects the change in people’s interpretation of chakhada over the years: From the late 1990’s to mid-2000s, it was interpreted to many people as expressing negative human attributes not adequate to survive in the age of unlimited competition and relentless meritocracy. However, as the criticism of the neo-liberalism and the claim for economic democratization have become stronger since 2006 and especially after the global financial crisis in 2008, chakhada has been reinterpreted as a positive value promoting co-existence, sharing and co-prosperity. Extensive use of the chakhan collocation reflects that there is a move away from the current neo-liberalism to a new system which emphasizes sharing and growing together.
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