제약서열과 사용빈도: 한국어 Cwa 연쇄의 경우
Ranking of Constraints and Frequency of Use: A Case of Korean Cwa Sequence
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Nam, Sung-Hyun ․ Kim, Sun-Hoi. 2015. Ranking of Constraints and Frequency of Use: A Case of Korean Cwa Sequence. The Journal of Studies in Language 31.3, 605-627. The alternating particle wa/kwa shows a different pattern than other alternating particles in Korean. All except wa/kwa selects the form starting with a vowel when followed by a noun that ends with a consonant, and the form starting with a consonant when followed by the one that ends with a vowel. Previous studies on wa/kwa have difficulty in presenting constraint rankings grounded by solid reasons; that is, they are not cross-linguistically and/or phonetically justifiable. This study, on the contrary, aims to provide a well-grounded constraint ranking that accounts for this phenomenon. Based on Exemplar Theory which implies that usage pattern has impact on grammar and grammar further reinforces the usage pattern, this study sets the reasonable constraint ranking by surveying the syllable structures of Korean nouns as represented in the Sejong Dictionary and counting the frequency of consonants in Cwa sequence. The corpus shows that diphthong wa favors h and k as its onset or chooses not to have an onset, while avoiding all other consonants; thereby, we derive a natural constraint ranking. That is, constraints shall be arranged to derive at the surface level, h or k as the onset while avoiding other consonants. To this end, k exists before w to prohibit resyllabification, which forces whatever consonant the preceding syllable has in its coda to come as the onset of wa. (Chung-Ang University)
Abstract
Nam, Sung-Hyun ․ Kim, Sun-Hoi. 2015. Ranking of Constraints and Frequency of Use: A Case of Korean Cwa Sequence. The Journal of Studies in Language 31.3, 605-627. The alternating particle wa/kwa shows a different pattern than other alternating particles in Korean. All except wa/kwa selects the form starting with a vowel when followed by a noun that ends with a consonant, and the form starting with a consonant when followed by the one that ends with a vowel. Previous studies on wa/kwa have difficulty in presenting constraint rankings grounded by solid reasons; that is, they are not cross-linguistically and/or phonetically justifiable. This study, on the contrary, aims to provide a well-grounded constraint ranking that accounts for this phenomenon. Based on Exemplar Theory which implies that usage pattern has impact on grammar and grammar further reinforces the usage pattern, this study sets the reasonable constraint ranking by surveying the syllable structures of Korean nouns as represented in the Sejong Dictionary and counting the frequency of consonants in Cwa sequence. The corpus shows that diphthong wa favors h and k as its onset or chooses not to have an onset, while avoiding all other consonants; thereby, we derive a natural constraint ranking. That is, constraints shall be arranged to derive at the surface level, h or k as the onset while avoiding other consonants. To this end, k exists before w to prohibit resyllabification, which forces whatever consonant the preceding syllable has in its coda to come as the onset of wa. (Chung-Ang University)
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