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품행장애 청소년과 자폐스펙트럼장애 청소년의 냉담-무정서 특질

A Study on Callous-Unemotional Traits of Adolescents with Conduct Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorders

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주제분류기타사회과학

초록

품행장애는 아동기 발병형과 청소년기 발병형의 하위유형으로 나뉘며, 아동기 발병형은 더욱 공격적이고 성인기까지 장애가 지속될 가능성이 큰 것으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 아동기 발병형의 형질로 냉담-무정서(Callous-Unemotional; CU) 특질이 지목되었는데, 이 특질을 가진 개인을 사이코패스로 명명하기도 한다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 품행장애의 하위유형이 발병시기에 따라 분류된 과정과 CU 특질의 구성요인에 대해 문헌 탐색을 한 후, CU 특질이 품행장애 집단에서 더 높게 나타나는지, 그리고 CU 특질의 구성요인을 상당부분 동반한 것으로 보이는 자폐스펙트럼장애 집단에서도 높게 나타나는지를 조사해 보고자 한다. 이를 위해 비교집단으로 일반 청소년 37명을 표집하고 품행장애 청소년과 자폐스펙트럼장애 청소년도 각각 29명씩 표집하여 집단을 구성하였다. 세 집단 간 CU 특질의 차이를 검증하기 위해 ICU를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였고 분산분석을 한 후, SAS 9.1 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 자폐스펙트럼장애 청소년의 CU 특질이 품행장애 청소년과 일반 청소년보다 유의미하게 높았다. CU 특질이 높을 것으로 예상되었던 품행장애 청소년이 일반 청소년과 비교하여 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않은 이유에 대해 논의하고, 품행장애 집단과 자폐스펙트럼장애 집단의 CU 특질 차이에 대해 논의하였다.

Abstract

Sub-types of Conduct Disorder(CD) are divided according to age of onset; childhood-onset type, adolescent-onset type, unspecified onset. Among these, the childhood-onset type of CD is a prepositional disorder of Antisocial Personal Disorder(Psychopath)(APA, 2013) and researchers pointed out callous-unemotional traits as a essential trait of childhood onset conduct disorder. CU traits, lack of guilt and empathy, is a feature of individuals with serious antisocial behaviors and is composed three factors; uncaring, callousness, and unemotional. On the other hand, these are also general characteristics of autism spectrum disorders(ASD). The purpose of this study is to explore the difference of callous-unemotional traits between adolescents with and without CD, ASD. 29 adolescents with CD or ASD were selected separately, and also 37 adolescents without any disorder were selected as a comparison group to compare callous-unemotional traits appeared in Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits(ICU). As a result, CU traits of ASD group is significantly higher than CD and comparison group. Two issues were discussed; why CU of CD group appeared same with that of comparison group, what the difference of CU traits between CD and ASD group under the previous brain associated articles.

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