청소년의 정신병질 하위집단에 따른 인지 및 정서의 차별적 특징
Differentiated Characteristics of Cognition and Emotion Per Adolescents’ Psychopath Subgroups
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 청소년의 냉담무정서 특질과 불안 수준에 따른 정신병질의 하위집단들의 인지적 및 정서적 차별적 특성을 확인하는 것이다. 일반 중고등학생 611명을 대상으로 정신병질 성향의 집단을 구성하기 위해 냉담무정서 특질 척도(K-ICU), 특성불안 척도(TAS)를 실시하였다. 정신병질 성향의 집단으로 일차적 냉담무정서 집단(고냉담/저불안)과 이차적 냉담무정서 집단(고냉담/고불안)을, 비교 집단으로 저냉담/저불안 집단과 저냉담/고불안 집단을 구성하였다. 이러한 집단들의 인지적 및 정서적 차이를 탐색하기 위해 부정적 자동적 사고 척도(K-CATS), 자기본위적 인지 왜곡 척도(HIT-Q), 정적 및 부적 정서 척도(PANAS), 정서 강도 척도(AIM)를 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 정신병질 성향의 고 냉담무정서 집단들은 자기본위적 인지 왜곡에서 저 냉담무정서 집단들과 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 특정적으로 일차적 냉담무정서 집단은 긍정 정서뿐만 아니라 부정 정서 빈도 및 강도에서 다른 세 집단과 유의미한 차이를 보여 가장 제한적으로 정서를 경험함이 시사된다. 반면 이차적 냉담무정서 집단과 일차적 냉담무정서 집단은 부정적 자동적 사고와 부정 정서 경험의 빈도 및 강도에서 유의미한 차이를 나타냈다. 연구 결과를 통해 정신병질 성향의 두 집단은 인지적으로, 정서적으로 구별된 특성을 보유한다는 것을 밝힐 수 있었다. 그러므로 청소년 정신병질 성향에 대한 개입 시 하위집단들의 특성을 고려하여 인지 및 정서에 대한 차별화된 전략을 적용할 필요성이 시사된다. 이와 함께 본 연구결과들을 토대로 연구의 함의점과 제한점 및 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study examines whether subgroups of adolescents classified by callous-unemotional (CU) traits and anxiety show cognitive and emotional patterns similar to subgroups of psychopath adolescents, using 611 students’ data in middle and high school. The Korean-version Inventory of the Callous-Unemotional traits and the Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to distinguish groups. Further, it comprised the primary CU group (high CU/low anxiety) and the secondary CU group (high CU/low anxiety) as psychopath tendency subgroups, and two comparative groups (low CU/low anxiety and low CU/high anxiety). Furthermore, the Korean-version Children's Automatic Thoughts Scale, the How I Think Questionnaire, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and Affect Intensity Measure were used to examine cognitive and emotional differences between the four groups. The results show two psychopath-like subgroups were distinguished cognitively and emotionally. The primary CU group is related to more self-serving cognitive distortions and the lowest level in frequency and intensity of emotional experiences. Second, the secondary CU group is characterized by self-serving cognitive distortions and negative automatic thoughts. Moreover, they experience negative emotions more often and strongly than the primary CU group. Therefore, based on these results, researchers and clinicians can focus on differentiated treatment targets. Finally, the significances and the limitations of this study are discussed.
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