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주의력결핍 과잉행동장애를 지닌 아동의 불순종 행동에 관한 이론적 고찰

A Review of the Research on Noncompliant Behaviors of Children with the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders

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특수교육재활과학연구소 (The Research Institute for Special Education & Rehabilitation Science)|2010.06|특수교육재활과학연구|제49권 제2호|pp. 1-27

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ADHD불순종 행동불순종 중재noncompliant behaviorinterventions for noncompliance
주제분류기타사회과학

초록

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애를 지닌 아동을 다루는 교사와 부모를 가장 힘들게 하는 것은 부주의성, 충동성, 과잉행동성이라는 ADHD의 주요특성 보다는 그들의 불순종 행동이라는 보고가 많음에도 불구하고, 지금까지 국내 ADHD 아동의 불순종에 대한 연구는 충분히 이루어지고 있지 않은 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 ADHD 아동의 불순종 행동에 대한 이해를 돕고, 향후 ADHD 불순종에 대한 연구 방향의 설정에 도움을 주고자 불순종의 개념, 요인, 불순종의 중재방법 등을 문헌을 통하여 탐색하고자 했다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 불순종의 용어, 개념, 정의에 관한 연구들을 분석해 볼 때, 불순종 행동을 지칭하는 포괄적 용어 사용과 정확한 불순종 행동 측정 방법과 불순종의 조작적 정의의 타당성을 입증하는 연구의 필요가 드러났다. 둘째, 불순종 행동에 영향을 주는 요인은 아동 내적 요인과 아동 외적 요인으로 분석 되었다. 서로 다른 아동 내적 요인에 따라 서로 다른 특성의 불순종 행동을 나타내는 것은 아닌지 검토되어야 함이 제안되었다. 아울러 아동 외적 요인이 ADHD 아동의 불순종 행동에 미치는 영향의 정도가 어떻게 다른지 연구되어야 할 필요가 드러났다. 셋째, ADHD 아동의 불순종 행동에 대한 모든 중재연구의 결과를 일반화하기 어렵기 때문에, 불순종 행동 특성에 따른 효과적인 중재가 무엇인지 밝히는 연구가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 약물 복용의 영향에 대한 지속적 연구와 Maag(2000)가 제안한 중재 원리의 현장적용과 검토가 요청됨을 알 수 있었다.

Abstract

This study reviewed the terms, definitions, and concepts of noncompliance, the factors of noncompliance of the children with ADHD, and the interventions for their noncompliant behaviors. There are three results of this study. First, the review of terms, concepts and definitions of noncompliant behavior presents the need of inclusive terminology and correct measurement method about noncompliant behavior. Second, there are internal and external factors of children’s noncompliant behavior. We need to find out whether children with ADHD show different charac teristics of noncompliant behaviors because they have different internal factors such as the attribute of ADHD, the comorbidity of ADHD or the combination of those. Also, it should be determined if there is any relation between the characteristics of noncompliant behaviors and the external factors of children’s noncompliant behavior. Third, the study of current interventions for noncompliant behavior shows that there is a need to examine more about what is the most effective intervention for different characteristics of noncompliant behaviors. In addition to that, there is a need to study more about the effect of medication treatment, and to apply and examine the principle that Maag(2000) suggested to reduce noncompliant behavior of ADHD children.

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