지방정부의 市民性 육성에 관한 序說的 연구
An Introductory Study on the Active Citizenship Cultivation in Local Government
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초록
본 연구는 지방정치 및 행정에서 시민관여나 참여의 필요성은 강조되면서 이들의 과제가 시민들의 몫으로 치부되어 시민들의 의식수준이나 실천행동 측면에서의 문제점들이 주로 제기되고 이를 토대로 지방자치 실시에 대한 무용론이나 부정적인 견해의 근거가 된 점들에 대한 관점과는 달리 이제는 이들 과제가 오히려 지방정부가 적극적으로 추진해야 할 사업이 되어야 한다는 것을 문제제기하고자 하였다. 이는 최근 지방정부와 시민 간의 관계가 변화하고 있고, 상호신뢰, 적극적인 시민참여, 건전한 네크워킹, 상호협동 등 건강하고 기능적인 사회를 위해 사회자본(social capital) 형성과 적극적시민성(active citizenship) 육성이 지방정부의 주요 과제가 되고 있다는 추세를 선행연구를 통해 제시하고, 건전한 지방자치의 정착을 위한 전제들을 다시 정리해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 지방정부와 시민들과의 관계의 본질을 조명해보고, 지방정치․행정에서의 시민성의 함의를 규명하고 이러한 시민성제고가 지방정부의 사명이고 과제라는 관점을 제시하면서 적극적시민성 조성을 위한 방안들을 탐색･제시해보고자 하였다.
Abstract
Though Citizen engagement in local politics and administration is emphasized, these efforts are inclined to fall to citizens' share and duty in korea local government while other countries give attention on strategies to promote citizenship at a local level. In particular, English and United States America local authorities are expected to provide 'support for citizenship' as part of their duties to promote community cohesion, better political institution and inclusive democratic decision making. This article examines why active citizenship has become a central concept in the recent government policy agenda and how understanding of citizenship has changed according to the trend of the thoughts of administration and about what the rights and responsibilities of citizenship should be. With shifting from an rights-based paradigm of citizenship to one based on mutual obligation and a shift from government to governance, Local government should actively promote and cultivate active citizenship and social capital to make community sound and healthy in democratic way. This paper concludes that local authorities should take responsibilities to cultivate active citizenship by the various ways: citizenship education, enhancement of citizen' ability to use information and re-building citizen participation culture.
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