러시아 해군부의 한반도 정책과 태평양함대 사령관 알렉세예프

Abstract

Yevgeni Ivanovich Alexeyev(1843-1917) was an admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy, viceroy of the Russian Far East province, and commander of Russian forces at Port Arthur and in Manchuria during the first year of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05. Alexeyev was promoted to rear admiral in 1892 and served on the General Staff of the Imperial Russian Navy, becoming vice admiral in 1894 and deputy chief of staff in 1895. From 1895-1897 he was made commander of the Russian Pacific Fleet, initially at Vladivostok, and from December 1897, from Port Arthur in the southern Liaodong Peninsula leased from Qing dynasty China. In 1898 he became governor of the Liaodong leased territory, and was again commander of the Russian Pacific Fleet from 1899. The failure of Russia to withdraw its forces from Manchuria after the end of the Boxer Rebellion further alarmed the Empire of Japan, still upset over the Triple Intervention and Russian de facto annexation of the Liaodong Peninsula and increasing Russian influence over Joseon dynasty Korea – all of which were concerned detrimental to Japanese interests and security. On August 13, 1903 Tsar Nicolas II appointed Alexeyev as viceroy in charge of all civil and military authority over Russian possessions in the Far East, including Russian-occupied Manchuria, the Liadong Peninsula, and Russia Amur Military District. Since Alexeyev showed extreme hostility towards Japan, supporting the desire of Russian industrialists to establish themselves in Korea, this was a clear signal to the Japanese government that Russia was not willing to negotiate any political concessions. With the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War on February 9, 1904, Alexeyev became commander of all Russian land and naval forces in the Far East. After major defeats on sea and by land, Alexeyev was recalled to St. Petersburg on October 12, 1904.