독일 사회국가(Sozialstaat)의 기원과 성격
The Origin and Character of German Sozialstaat
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With the global trend to reduce welfare and social security, Germany is also complying with it. In case of Germany, they introduced social capitalistic system while overcoming World War II and, later, named Sozialstaat as one of the identities of their country, which is specified in their constitution currently. The character of Sozialstaat is considered to be as same as the welfare state because of the similarity it has in solution of poverty and social security but it actually has different ideas from the welfare state. It’s because Sozialstaat understands the solution of poverty or social inequality as an essential condition for the continuous development of the economy. This kind of character of Sozialstaat can be found in the contents of Erhard’s liberalism, the leader of Sozialstaat who introduced the system but, in this study, I compared and found it among the assertions and theories of the several philosophers who mentioned the necessity of Sozialstaat and the social activists who suggested the same kind of solution during the 19th century. Their main interest was not the cause of social problem or its fundamental solution. It was to suggest the method to manipulate the social conflict and to pursue the continuous development of the economy ultimately after understanding the inevitableness of the problem occurring for the capitalistic development of the economy. This is why, in that sense, the Sozialstaat is considered to have the complete capitalistic character in spite of its interpretation as being neither capitalism nor communism but in the middle of them. The ongoing effort in Germany, therefore, to change Sozialstaat’s welfare system cannot be regarded as completely same as that of other welfare countries whose national effort against poverty and social problems are shifting to a neo-liberalistic way. It has the meaning of the continuance of the liberalistic policy for more efficient development of economy.
Abstract
With the global trend to reduce welfare and social security, Germany is also complying with it. In case of Germany, they introduced social capitalistic system while overcoming World War II and, later, named Sozialstaat as one of the identities of their country, which is specified in their constitution currently. The character of Sozialstaat is considered to be as same as the welfare state because of the similarity it has in solution of poverty and social security but it actually has different ideas from the welfare state. It’s because Sozialstaat understands the solution of poverty or social inequality as an essential condition for the continuous development of the economy. This kind of character of Sozialstaat can be found in the contents of Erhard’s liberalism, the leader of Sozialstaat who introduced the system but, in this study, I compared and found it among the assertions and theories of the several philosophers who mentioned the necessity of Sozialstaat and the social activists who suggested the same kind of solution during the 19th century. Their main interest was not the cause of social problem or its fundamental solution. It was to suggest the method to manipulate the social conflict and to pursue the continuous development of the economy ultimately after understanding the inevitableness of the problem occurring for the capitalistic development of the economy. This is why, in that sense, the Sozialstaat is considered to have the complete capitalistic character in spite of its interpretation as being neither capitalism nor communism but in the middle of them. The ongoing effort in Germany, therefore, to change Sozialstaat’s welfare system cannot be regarded as completely same as that of other welfare countries whose national effort against poverty and social problems are shifting to a neo-liberalistic way. It has the meaning of the continuance of the liberalistic policy for more efficient development of economy.
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