1960년대 한국 대학축제의 정치풍자와 학생운동

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between college festival, the flower of college culture, and student movement in 1960s, when student movement started in earnest. College festival that began in the late 1950s spread to almost every college in 1960s after the April Revolution. Students that established ‘student council’ as an autonomous organization after the April 19 Revolution actively promoted college festival pushing forward this student council. As the political satire characteristic of college festival became popular among students in 1960s, it was highly evaluated as an exemplary case. All the festivals having the political satire characteristic had a form of ‘performance’ where students set a specific situation and played under the situation. Thus, the festivals were always named fictitious trial, mock assembly, costume parade, short play, etc. In 1960s, various types of performance such as ‘burning ceremony’, ‘funeral ceremony’, ‘wedding ceremony’, etc. were done also in student movement. This integration between college culture and student movement was possible within ‘interest’ and ‘bond of sympathy’ that students in 1960s had in relation to ‘politics’ and ‘movement’. In addition, political satire performance played a role of letting students accept the cause of student movement without repulsion. The festivals having the political satire characteristic were abolished or diminished after 1970s due to government repression. This change was in the same line of the huge cycle of student movement (closely connected to political satire performance) that started with the April 19 Revolution in 1960 and ended with the announcement of garrison decree in 1971.