영조 시기 宋代 朋黨論의 수용과 활용 — 주희 「與留丞相書」를 중심으로 —
Reception and Usage of the Song Dynasty’s Factionalism during King Yeongjo’s Reign — With Focus on Zhu Xi’s “Letter to Chancellor Liu” (與留丞相書) —
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This paper analyzed how the king and intellectuals understood and utilized factionalism(朋黨論) from the Song dynasty in accordance with their own beliefs during the reign of King Yeongjo(英祖, 1724–1776). This paper focused on the interpretation of Zhu Xi(朱熹, 1130–1200)’s critical essay on factionalism, the “Letter to Chancellor Liu.” Previous studies have attempted to identify the characteristics of the Joseon factionalism and theory of Tangpyeong(蕩平論) by comparing the factionalism of Ouyang Xiu(歐陽脩, 1007–1072) and Zhu Xi with that of Joseon. Such analysis, however, overlooked the flexibility of the original text as well as the intentional or unintentional distortion of the text made by the intellectuals of Joseon in the process of interpreting the “Letter to Chancellor Liu.” King Yeongjo and the scholars Park Se-Chae(朴世采, 1631–1695) and Yim Sung-joo(任聖周, 1711–1788), who were the main subjects of this study, appropriated the works of Zhu Xi with different beliefs and argued that they were the successors of Zhu Xi’s true intention respectively. As a result, it is pivotal to understand the inflections in the interpretation of the original Chinese text in order to identify the characteristics of the Joseon factionalism.
Abstract
This paper analyzed how the king and intellectuals understood and utilized factionalism(朋黨論) from the Song dynasty in accordance with their own beliefs during the reign of King Yeongjo(英祖, 1724–1776). This paper focused on the interpretation of Zhu Xi(朱熹, 1130–1200)’s critical essay on factionalism, the “Letter to Chancellor Liu.” Previous studies have attempted to identify the characteristics of the Joseon factionalism and theory of Tangpyeong(蕩平論) by comparing the factionalism of Ouyang Xiu(歐陽脩, 1007–1072) and Zhu Xi with that of Joseon. Such analysis, however, overlooked the flexibility of the original text as well as the intentional or unintentional distortion of the text made by the intellectuals of Joseon in the process of interpreting the “Letter to Chancellor Liu.” King Yeongjo and the scholars Park Se-Chae(朴世采, 1631–1695) and Yim Sung-joo(任聖周, 1711–1788), who were the main subjects of this study, appropriated the works of Zhu Xi with different beliefs and argued that they were the successors of Zhu Xi’s true intention respectively. As a result, it is pivotal to understand the inflections in the interpretation of the original Chinese text in order to identify the characteristics of the Joseon factionalism.
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