한국 고대 ‘書記’ 제도의 기원과 전개
The Origin and Development of a “Writing and Recording” System in Ancient Korea
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In ancient Korea, the Three Kingdoms first began to recognize letters in their exchanges with external power(China) and actively used letters as a means of ruling a territory and people in their growth process in an ancient state. Goguryeo's “Jubu” and Baekje's “Baksa” found in this formation process of an ancient state were official titles of public office nature. They recruited individual people with Chinese competence and supplemented the personnel with them, establishing and running public offices. Goguryeo's Jubu and Baekje's Baksa, who had the nature of an independent public office in their early days, promoted the progress toward the institutionalization of writing and recording in an ancient state by going through the foundation of Taehak and the institutionalization process of Baksas in the kingdoms. In Silla, the case of Budo(the origin of the Pumju), Hangibu man who lived in the era of Cheomhae Nisageum, and the presence of “Jeonseo” in the “Silla Monument of Jungseongri, Pohang”(441/501) suggest that they recruited individuals with clerk capacity and established public offices for writing and recording. These aspects indicate that ancient states during their formation period put individuals with clerk-related capacity under the immediate control of royal authority via a public office and then underwent an institutionalization process at the state level through the foundation of an institution to cultivate government officials such as Taehak or the establishment of a public office system.
Abstract
In ancient Korea, the Three Kingdoms first began to recognize letters in their exchanges with external power(China) and actively used letters as a means of ruling a territory and people in their growth process in an ancient state. Goguryeo's “Jubu” and Baekje's “Baksa” found in this formation process of an ancient state were official titles of public office nature. They recruited individual people with Chinese competence and supplemented the personnel with them, establishing and running public offices. Goguryeo's Jubu and Baekje's Baksa, who had the nature of an independent public office in their early days, promoted the progress toward the institutionalization of writing and recording in an ancient state by going through the foundation of Taehak and the institutionalization process of Baksas in the kingdoms. In Silla, the case of Budo(the origin of the Pumju), Hangibu man who lived in the era of Cheomhae Nisageum, and the presence of “Jeonseo” in the “Silla Monument of Jungseongri, Pohang”(441/501) suggest that they recruited individuals with clerk capacity and established public offices for writing and recording. These aspects indicate that ancient states during their formation period put individuals with clerk-related capacity under the immediate control of royal authority via a public office and then underwent an institutionalization process at the state level through the foundation of an institution to cultivate government officials such as Taehak or the establishment of a public office system.
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