18세기 후반 淸風金氏 仁伯系의 반척신 정치— 김치인ㆍ김종수를 중심으로 —

Abstract

This study seeks to understand the purpose and function of anti-relative politics engaged in mainly by the family of In-Baek line located in Cheongpung the political circumstances that prevailed during the Yeongjo(英祖) and Jeongjo(正祖) eras. According to existing studies, politics in those days was mostly about the political power of ‘kings’. This paper places particular attention on the Kim clan from Cheongpung, which exercised great influence under the kings Yeongjo and Jeongjo, in order to study the above-mentioned roles of bureaucrats. Influential clans of ‘Noron(老論),’ during the period were closely connected through school and marriage ties as well as having shared political interests. In-Baek line in Cheongpung, in particular, became the center of Noron power through the mediating effects of anti-relative politics. Such political power began to exert influence among the ‘Sinimoksa(辛壬獄事)’ and emerged as a political force after the ‘Cheongmyeongdang Incident(淸明黨事件)’. As shown in relation to the production of 「Myeonguirok(明義錄)」, those families occupied an important political position during the Jeongjo era. Under this policy during the reign of Yeongjo, the political situation became very unstable and a Tangpyeong group and an anti-Tangpyeong group formed. Moreover, the families of Hong in Pungsan and Kim in Gyeongju formed an alliance during the late Yeongjo era, so the political situations were expanded to relative power and anti-relative power in addition to the Tangpyeong group and anti-Tangpyeong group landscape. After Jeongjo became king, the political landscape began to change and political realignments took place. Jeongjo tried to curtail the power of allied families and, accordingly, the forces opposed to the power of allied families, including Kim Jong-su(金鍾秀) and Seo Myeong-seon(徐命善), reorganized themselves. They checked the Namin(南人) group of Chae Je-gong(蔡濟恭), which had positioned itself to be close to Jeongjo, to promote a more balanced political landscape. Political forces during the period maintained political balance in the context of ‘Jullontangpyeong(峻論蕩平)’ Those opposed to the power of allied families centered round Kim Jong-su in Cheongpung checked the power of allied families and Namin at the same time and spoke in unison about important political matters, thus forming an axis of political power. In the politics of the 18th century, the In-Baek line in Cheongpung administered affairs of the state from a position of Noron Cheongnyu(淸流). Noron Cheongnyu checked the power of allied families and stressed ‘loyalty.’ Even before his death, Kim Jong-su memorialized the king as Bongjoha to uphold the principle of loyalty asserted in 「Myeonguirok」.