원주 학성동 철불의 流轉과 시대 인식

Abstract

Four iron Buddha in Hakseong-dong, Wonju, Gangwon-do, investigated in 1912, were made during the Goryeo dynasty. Among four iron Buddhas, three iron Buddhas that took Bhumisparsha mudra(earth touching mudra) were made on the purpose of calming public sentiment, praying for peace and hoping for bright future on the basis of the increased the iron weapons after the unification. It is thought that these iron Buddhas were created in the middle of 10th century. The other iron seated medicine Buddha is presumed to be made through the comparison with the style, in addition the composition of inner frame and the trace of wax served as an opportunity to confirm the possibility of new manufacturing technique. Coming to the late Goryeo period, the Buddhist temples were devastated. After the foundation of Joseon dynasty, various items were requisitioned at temples under suppression of Buddhism in the early Joseon period. The discovery location of iron Buddha of Hakseong-dong, location of Gamyeong, and the records of personal anthologies gave us the information on the Buddhist Persecution and perception on Buddhism and Buddhist Statues during the early Joseon period. It is thought that the the unknown inked records inside the iron Buddha is the trace of Japanese Colonial period. In 1915 the Japanese Government-General in Korea hosted the Nationwide Exposition of Joseon, the Japanese Government-General in Korea arranged Buddhist pagodas and Buddha Statues in the garden to be decorated. In the result of confirming the layout drawing, it is believed that the inked records of inside iron Buddha coincide the layout drawing of the Nationwide Exposition of Joseon.