지속가능발전을 위한 도시지역연합 거버넌스 : 독일 지역연합 메트로폴 루르 (Metropol Ruhr) 사례를 중심으로
City-region Governance for Sustainable Development : Focusing on the Case of the German Metropol Ruhr
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본 연구는 최근 전 세계적인 도시연합체를 통한 지역발전 전략은 획일적이고 경직된 일방적 발전 형태가 아닌 다양한 양상의 발전을 추구할 수 있다는 점에서 하나의 거대한 도시에 대한 집중이나 인위적인 하향식 정치적 결합이 아닌 기능적으로 연계된 도시연합체 형성이 도시연합의 발전을 위한 대안이 될 수 있음을 주장한다. 따라서 본 연구는 석탄 철강 지역으로 일자리를 찾아 모여든 루르 지역이 초기 독일의 국가 성장에 일조했으나 실업과 지역 산업의 사양 산업화로 인한 쇠퇴를 경험했던 독일의 도시 지역연합 메트로폴 루르가 위기를 극복하고 새롭게 산업전환을 성공적으로 완수하게 된 요인을 도시발전의 정치적 요인인 거버넌스를 통해 분석했다. 이를 통해 한국적인 광역 단위의 메가시티 형성 전략은 단순히 특정 도시들의 물리적 결합을 통한 양적 발전이 아닌 다양한 요인을 고려한 기능적 결합을 통한 도시 지역연합으로의 성장 가능성을 탐색할 필요가 있음을 강조한다.
Abstract
This study focuses on functionally connected city regions rather than intensive fostering of one city in that recent regional development strategies through city regions can pursue various aspects of development rather than uniform and rigid one-sided development. It is argued that the formation of an city region can be an alternative for city development. Therefore, this study aims to find out how the Metropol Ruhr, a coal-steel area that gathered in search of jobs, contributed to Germany's national growth in the early days, but the German city-region Metropol Ruhr, which experienced decline due to unemployment and decline industrialization, overcame the crisis. The factors that successfully completed the new industrial transformation were analyzed through multilevel governance, a political factor in city development. Through this, it is emphasized that the Korean strategy of constructing a mega city in a metropolitan unit needs to consider the possibility of growth into an city region considering various patterns, not simply the quantitative development of a specific city.
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