정원 조영의 주체로서 조선후기 경화사족(京華士族)의 문화와 정원관

Abstract

This study was aimed at considering the cultural characteristics of KyungWhaSaJok which had been the main group of culture in late Joseon dynasty and understanding the view of garden through the gardens constructed. The results of the study are as follows. Firstly, KyungWhaSaJok can be defined as the Yangban with peculiar ethos of culture while leading a city life. Secondly, KyungWhaSaJok was the main cultural group of amusement and consumption who enjoyed the arts appreciation, collected the arts and the books, cultivated the flowers and so forth, which was their daily life of culture. Thirdly, KyungWhaSaJok was the creator of various forms of arts, the enthusiastic appreciator, the consumer, the supporter and the critic resulting in leading the arts and the culture of garden in late Joseon dynasty. Fourthly, they regarded the expression of individual sentiment inside and the impression of reality and experience as important and the nature as the object of esthetic emotions, and prospered the culture of gardens. Fifthly, there were the presentment of self-reflection, the realization of self-satisfactory view of the mundane and the symbol of social distinction in the gardens of KyungWhaSaJok’s. Sixthly, the purpose of KyungWhaSaJok through the garden was not the pastoral utopia but the urban garden of self-satisfaction in a secluded place. Seventhly, the garden aesthetics of KyungWhaSaJok was nobility and sublime. Eighthly, the garden was the object of appreciation and the cultural life space of arts of esthetic sentiment, poetry and pictures as well as the place of social intercourse. Ninthly, KyungWhaSaJok not only constructed and managed the garden, but also completed it to the artistic achievement by expressing with pictures and poetry. This study aims to define cultural traits and garden concepts of KyungWhaSaJok as they were the leading group of people who constructed and enjoyed gardens. Also the study is designed to further discover meaning and value of traditional gardens by looking at the culture of the time and garden arts through various angles.