18, 19세기 조선유학자의 정원 조영과 성격

Abstract

This study examined Joseon Confucian scholars’ making of ideal gardens and the characteristics of the gardens in the 18th‐19th centuries. Specifically it analyzed similarities and differences between Man-boo Lee(李萬敷) who, as a member of the Yeongnam Namin sect, created gardens in the Gyeongsang‐do area and Yu-goo Seo (徐有榘) who was from a rich noble family in Seoul and inclined to Shilhak(Practical Learning). The study focused on their view of garden(庭園觀–the appearance of gardens designed by them). From the results of this study were drawn conclusions as follows. Both of them believed that a garden was an extension of study. Therefore they tried to reflect their life attitudes as Confucian scholars in creating a garden. The tendency was expressed clearly in the creation of a pond, planting of vegetation, or the naming of surrounding natural objects. Another commonality was that they were strongly conscious of their role as Confucian scholars. In building their dwelling place, they included spaces for educating young people, medical facilities for sick neighbors, and storehouses for the relief of the poor. On the other hand, Man-boo Lee and Yu-goo Seo reflected differences in the area and time of their activities. Man-boo Lee who lived the early 18th century and belonged to the Yeongnam Namin sect expressed intensely his life attitude as a Neo‐Confucian in the process of garden making. He gave names with Neo‐ Confucian meanings to structures that he built or to natural objects in the surroundings. In contrast, Yu-goo Seo who lived the late 18th and early 19th centuries reflected the tendencies displayed by Seoul literati in those days. They tried to ornament their residential spaces luxuriously. The tendencies to plan spaces for various pastime activities and to accept thoughts other than Neo‐ Confucianism were revealed also in his gardens. Through the comparison of the two persons, we reconfirmed that the gardens in the late Joseon Dynasty had very philosophical characteristics distinguished from those in China and Japan. What is more, differences in garden composition were observed with the change in time and thought.