자연주의 정원양식에 대한 미적 인식, 선호도 및 회복감 분석 - 20∼30대 조경학과 학생들을 대상으로 -
Analysis of Aesthetic Perception, Preference, and Restorativeness of Naturalistic Garden Style - Focused on Landscape Architecture Students in Their 20s and 30s -
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물다양성 증진과 지속가능한 녹지관리에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 자연주의 정원이 주목받고 있다. 본 연구는 자연주의 정원에 대한 미적 인식 및 선호, 스트레스 회복 등의 회복효과에 있어서 기존의 정형식 정원 및 풍경식 정원과 차이가 있는지 비교․분석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 정형식 정원, 풍경식 정원, 자연주의 정원 등 세 유형의 대표적 이미지를 선정하고, 대학생 및 대학원생 40명을 대상으로 이미지평가 실험을 통해 각 정원 유형에 대한 미적 인식, 선호도, 회복효과를 분석하였다. 또한, 출신지역과 환경문제에 대한 관심정도에 따른 차이를 분석하였다. 실험연구 결과, 세 유형의 정원 중 미적 인식에 있어서는 자연주의 정원을 가장 높게 평가하였으며, 선호도에 있어서는 풍경식 정원와 자연주의 정원이 정형식 정원에 비해 유의적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 정형식 정원은 가장 익숙한 정원으로 인식되고 있으나, 선호 및 미적 인식에 있어서는 낮게 평가되었다. 회복감 및 선호도의 세부 평가 요인에 있어, 자연주의 정원은 다양성, 신비감 측면에서 높게 평가되었으며 타 정원 유형보다 매력적으로 인식되는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 출신지역이 비도시 지역이거나 환경에 대한 관심이 높은 그룹이 자연주의 정원에 대한 선호가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 최근 도시 생태계 서비스 증진 및 유지관리 비용 절약 측면에서 주목받고 있는 자연주의 정원의 도입을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
Along with the increasing interests on ecological diversity and sustainable management, naturalistic garden style has been paid attention. The purpose of this study was to analyze people’s aesthetic perceptions, preference, and restorativeness of naturalistic garden style by comparing with formal and picturesque garden style. To achieve this, representative images of the three types of gardens were selected, and an image evaluation experiment was conducted with 40 university students and graduate students to analyze aesthetic perception, preference, and restorative effects for each garden type. Additionally, differences based on participants’ backgrounds and levels of interest in environmental issues were analyzed. As a result of the experimental study, naturalistic gardens were evaluated the highest in aesthetic perception among the three types of gardens. and picturesque and naturalistic gardens were significantly higher than formal gardens in terms of preference. Although formal gardens were perceived as the most familiar, they were rated lower in preference and aesthetic perception. In terms of detailed evaluation factors of restorative effects and preference, naturalistic gardens were perceived as more diverse and mysterious, and were considered more attractive compared to other garden types. Moreover, participants originating from rural areas or those with a high interest in the environment showed a higher preference for naturalistic gardens. The findings of this study can serve as basic data for the introduction of naturalistic gardens, which have been receiving attention in terms of enhancing urban ecosystem services and cost-saving in maintenance.
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