‘被’의 문법화 연구

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to investigate the syntactic and semantic change of bèi using grammaticalization theories. It is generally said that bèi has been grammaticalized from a noun which means 'bedclothes' to a view marker, however, the studies on the grammaticalization of bèi are mainly focused on the description of syntactic change of the bèi-construction. So this paper hopes to add to the current studies by initiating a discussion on why the bèi-construction has changed. This paper is formed by following three discussions: (1) a discussion on the division terms of bèi, such as its use as a preposition, an auxiliary verb, an inflectional morpheme and other possible parts of speech, as well as the problem of trying to define the term bèi because of its various uses; (2) an investigation of the grammaticalization principles, such as decategorialization, layering and specialization, so as to examine the conditions that caused the syntactic change of bèi from a noun to a marker; (3) an investigation of the grammaticalization mechanisms, such as metonymy, metaphor and subjectification in order to better understand the conditions that caused the semantic change of bèi from the meaning 'bedclothes' to a sense of 'passivity'.