조직학습, 환경의 불확실성, 그리고 기업성과간의 관계
Organizational Learning, Environmental Uncertainty, And Firm'S Performance
1
조회
0
다운로드
46
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
조직학습이 조직혁신이나 기업의 경쟁우위의 달성에 있어서 핵심적인 한 요인이라는 많은 논의들에도 불구하고 조직학습과 기업의 성과간의 관계에 대한 실증적 연구는 부족한 편이다. 특히, 조직학습과 기업의 재무적 성과와의 관계에 대한 연구는 매우 부족한 편이다. 본 연구는 조직학습이 기업의 혁신성이나 경쟁력과 같은 주관적 성과와 기업의 매출액성장률과 같은 재무적 성과에 미치는 영향에 관해 실증적 분석을 시도하고자 했다. 또한 본 연구는 조직학습과 기업의 주관적 그리고 객관적 성과와의 관계에 있어서 환경의 불확실성이 어떠한 조절적 영향을 미칠 수 있는지에 대해서도 상황론적 관점에서 분석하고자 했다. 우리나라의 상장기업 114개를 대상으로 한 실증적 분석결과, 조직학습은 기업의 혁신성에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 학습유형에 따라서는 기업의 경쟁력에도 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 기업의 재무적 성과의 경우 조직학습이 직접적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않으나 환경과의 상호작용을 통해 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 조직학습과 환경의 불확실성과의 상호작용은 조직학습 유형별로 기업의 혁신성이나 경쟁력에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 전반적으로 조직학습이 기업의 성과에 중요한 정(+)의 영향을 미치며 특히 불확실한 환경하에서 그 영향력은 더욱 강화될 수 있음을 시사하는 것이라 할 수 있다.
Abstract
While organizational learning has been raised as a key factor of organizational innovation and competitiveness, a review of the literature reveals that empirical studies barely examined the influence of organizational learning on firm's performance. Especially, only a few researchers have attempted to examine the relationship between organizational learning and firms' financial performance. This study attempts to relate organizational learning to firms' subjective and financial performance and also attempts to identify how these relationships are influenced by environmental uncertainty. A sample of 114 firms listed in the Korean stock market was empirically studied. The findings show that firm's innovation and competitiveness are significantly accounted by organizational learning. In addition, the study found that firms' subjective and financial performance are strongly and positively influenced by the interaction between the type of organizational learning and environmental uncertainty. The results suggest that organizational learning, by itself, will enhance firms' performance and it will contribute the most to the performance in uncertain environments.
참고문헌 (57)
- 박광량, "조직학습, 학습조직, 그리고 학습인 in 학습조직의 이론과 실제", pp.71~101 (1996), 삼성경제연구소
- 손태원, "학습군과 조직효과성의 관련에 관한 탐색적 연구: Senge의 학습조직모형에 대한 분류적 접근”, 한국인사조직학회 추계학술대회 발표논문집", ~ (1996)
- 신상문, "“한국기업의 조직학습 유형과 성과에 관한 실증연구,” 제2회 지식경영학술심포지엄 논문집, 매일경제신문ㆍ매일경제TV, 332-364", ~ (1999)
- 장수덕, "기업생존에 있어서 인적자본과 사회적 자본의 역할:IMF 전후의 생존 벤처기업을 대상으로", 경영학연구, 35(4), pp.1131~1155 (1996)
- 추헌, "기업환경과 학습조직유형이 기업성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구", 인사관리연구, 26(2), pp.281~311 (2002)
- 한진환, "학습조직의 영향요인과 조직유효성에 관한 연구", 한국콘텐츠학회 2006 춘계종합학술대회 논문집, 4(1), pp.103~108 (2006)
- 황대기, "경영조직의 학습유형과 조직특성?조직성과간의 관련성", 박사, pp.2001
- Argyris, Chris, "Organizational Learning: A Theory of Action Perspective", pp.52~143 (1978), Addison-Wesley Publishing Company
- Baker, W.E., "The Synergistic Effect of Market Orientation and Learning Orientation on Organizational Performance", Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 27(4), pp.411~427 (1999)
- Barney, J.B., "Firm Resource and Sustained Competitive Advantage", Journal of Management, 17, pp.99~120 (1991)
- Bierly, P., "Generic Knowledge Strategies in the U.S.Pharmaceutical Industry", Strategic Management Journal, 19, pp.123~135 (1996)
- Bontis, N., "Managing an Organizational Learning System by Aligning Stocks and Flows", Journal of Management Studies, 39(4), pp.437~469 (2002)
- Boudreau, J.W., "Measuring Intellectual Capital: Learning from Financial History", Human Resource Management, 36(3), pp.343~356 (1997)
- Br?erl, J., "Survival chances of newly founded business organizations", American Sociological Review, 5(2), pp.227~242 (1992)
- Chandler, G.N., "Market Attractiveness, Resource-Based Capabilities, Venture Strategies, and Venture Performance", Journal of Business Venturing, 9, pp.331~349 (1994)
- Churchill, G.A., "Marketing research:Methodological foundations" (1991), Dryden Press
- Cohen, W.M., "Absorptive Capacity:A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation", Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, pp.128~152 (1990)
- Collis, D.J., "Competing on Resources: Strategy in the 1990s", Harvard Business Review, 74(4), pp.118~128 (1995)
- Cooper, D.R., "Business Research Method(8th ed.)" (2003), McGraw-Hill
- Cyert, R.M., "A Behavioral Theory of the Firm" (1963), Prentice-Hall
- Damanpour, F., "Organizational Innovation:A Meta-analysis of Effects of Determinants and Moderators", Academy of Management Journal, 34, pp.555~590 (1991)
- DeGeus, A., "Planning as Learning", Harvard Business Review, 66(2), pp.70~74 (1988)
- Dierickx, I., "Asset Stock Accumulation and Sustainability of Competitive Advantage", Management Science, 35(12), pp.1504~1511 (1989)
- Dodgson, M., "Technology Learning, Technology Strategy and Competitive Pressures", British Journal of Management, 22(3), pp.132~149 (1991)
- Duncan, Robert, "Organizational Learning: Implications for Organizational Design", Research in Organizational Behavior, 1, pp.75~123 (1978)
- Farrell, M.A., "Are Market Orientation and Learning Orientation Necessary for Superior Organizational Performance?", Journal of Market-Focused Management, 5, pp.197~217 (2002)
- Fiol, C.M., "Organizational Learning", Academy of Management Review, 10(4), pp.803~813 (1985)
- Garavan, T., "The Learning Organization: A Review and Evaluation", The Learning Organization, 4(1), pp.18~29 (1997)
- Garvin, D.A., "Building a Learning Organization", Harvard Business Review, 71, pp.78~91 (1993)
- Gupta, A.K., "Business Unit Strategy, Managerial Characteristics, and Business Unit Effectiveness at Strategy Implementation", Academy of Management Journal, 27, pp.25~41 (1984)
- Hair, Jr. J.F., "Multivariate Data Analysis with Readings(4th ed.)" (1995), Prentice-Hall
- Hurley, R.F., "Innovationa, Market Orientation, and Organizational Learning: An Integration and Empirical Examination", Journal of Marketing, 62, pp.42~54 (1998)
- Hunt, S.D., "The Resource-Advantage Theory of Competition:Dynamics,Path Dependencies,and Evolutionary Dimensions", Journal of Marketing, 60(4), pp.107~114 (1996)
- Kim, D.H., "The Link between Individual and Organizational Learning", Sloan Management Review, pp.37~50 (1993)
- Lee, J., "People Matter: Commitment to Employees, Strategy and Performance in Korean Firms", Strategic Management Journal, 20, pp.579~593 (1999)
- Levitt, B., "Organizational Learning", Annual Review of Sociology, 14 (1988)
- Loveridge, R., "The Strategic Management of Technological Innovation" (1990), Wiley
- Mahoney, J.T., "The Resource-Based View within the Conversation of Strategic Management", Strategic Management Journal, 13(5), pp.363~380 (1992)
- March, J.G., "Exploration and Exploitation in Organizational Learning", Organization Science, 2(1), pp.71~87 (1991)
- March, J., "The Uncertainty of the Past: Organizational Learning under Ambiguity", European Journal of Political Research, 3, pp.141~171 (1975)
- Marquardt, M.J., "Building the Learning Organization: A Systems Approach to Quantum Improvement and Global Success" (1996), McGraw-Hill
- Miller, D., "The People Make the Process: Commitment to Employees, Decision Making, and Performance", Journal of Management, 27, pp.163~189 (2001)
- Penrose, E.T., "Theory of the Growth of the Firm" (1959), Oxford University Press
- Peteraf, M.A., "The Cornerstones of Competitive Advantage: A Resource-Based View", Strategic Management Journal, 14(3), pp.179~191 (1993)
- Powell,W.W., "Interorganizational Collaboration and the Locus of Innovation: Networks of Learning in Biotechnology", Administrative Science Quarterly, 41 (1996)
- Prahalad, C.K., "The Core Competence of the Corporation", Havard Business Review, 68, pp.79~91 (1990)
- Rumelt, R., "Towards a strategic theory of the firm. In Competitive Strategic Management" (1984), Prentice-Hall
- Schein, E.H., "On Dialogue, Culture, and Organizational Learning", Organizational Dynamics, 22(2), pp.40~51 (1993)
- Shrivastava, P., "A Typology of Organizational Learning Systems", The Journal of Management Studies, 20(2), pp.7~28 (1983)
- Senge, P.M., "The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization" (1990), Doubleday
- Senge, P.M., "Community and Commitment: The Heart of Learning Organizations", Organizational Dynamics, 22(2) (1993)
- Simon, H.A., "Administrative Behavior" (1957), Free Press
- Snow, C.C., "Strategy, Distinctive Competence, and Organizational Performance", Administrative Science Quarterly, 25, pp.317~336 (1980)
- Therin, F., "Organizational Learning and Innovation in High-Tech Small Firms", Proceedings of the 36th Hawaii International Conference on System Science (2002)
- Ulrich, D., "Learning Organization, Culture Change, and Competitiveness: How Managers Can Build Learning Capability, International Consortium for Executive Development Research, Research Project, 93-02", ~ (1993)
- Wernerfelt, B., "A Resource-Based View of the Firm", Strategic Management Journal, 5(2), pp.171~180 (1984)
- Yeung, A.K., "Organizational Learning Capability" (1999), Oxford University Press
