본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

환경과 다차원적 조직 양면성: 성과에 대한 함의

Environment and Organizational Ambidexterity as aMulti-Dimensional Concept: Performance Implication

임성준|추승엽
한국전략경영학회 (Korean Strategic Management Society)|2014.08|전략경영연구 (Journal of Strategic Management)|제17권 제2호|pp. 79-108|DOI 10.17786/jsm.2014.17.2.004

0

조회

0

다운로드

19

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

적합성Fit환경의 불확실성양면적 혁신Environmental UncertaintyOrganizational AmbidexterityAmbidextrous Strategy조직 양면성양면적 조직구조양면적 경쟁전략Ambidextrous InnovationAmbidextrous Organizational Structure
주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 국내 제조업의 224개 중소기업을 대상으로 환경의 불확실성과 다차원적 조직 양면성 간 관계와 이들 관계의 적합성이 경영성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 실증분석 하였다. 조직 양면성은 상호 모순적으로 보이는 속성을 동시에 높은 수준으로 추구할 수 있는 조직능력이다. 특히 본 연구에서는 기존 연구의 개념을 확장하여 조직 양면성을 기술혁신, 조직구조, 경쟁전략 등에서 나타나는 다차원적 속성의 개념으로 파악하였다. 실증연구 결과를 요약하면 환경의 불확실성과 다차원적 조직 양면성 간의 관계에 대한 가설 검증결과, 환경의 불확실성은 양면적 혁신, 양면적 조직구조, 양면적 경쟁전략에 대해 유의한 정의 관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 관계를 바탕으로 환경의 불확실성과 다차원적 조직 양면성 간의 적합성이 성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 검증한 결과, 환경의 불확실성이 높을수록 양면적 혁신, 양면적 조직구조, 양면적 경쟁전략 차원을 모두 높게 추구하는 고 적합성 집단이 상대적으로 낮은 수준으로 추구하는 저 적합성 집단보다 높은 경영성과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 실증연구 결과를 해석하면, 기업이 경영성과를 기대하기 위해서는 환경의 불확실성 증대에 대응하여 기술혁신, 조직구조, 경쟁전략 등의 다차원에서 나타나는 상호 모순적 요구를 동시에 처리할 수 있는 조직적 방안이 요구된다는 시사점을 도출할 수 있다.

Abstract

This study seeks to gain deeper insight into organizational ambidexterity by exploring multi-dimensions. This construct was used to examine the capability of organizations to simultaneously deal with contradictory demand such as exploratory and exploitative innovation (technological innovation); decentralization and formalization (organizational structure); differentiation and cost leadership (competitive strategy). Based on a sample of 224 manufacturing firms in Korea, this study analyzed relationships among environmental uncertainty, ambidextrous innovation, ambidextrous organization structure, ambidextrous strategy and the effects of their fit on firm performance. Empirical results revealed two main findings. First, environmental uncertainty is positively related to the level of ambidextrous innovation, ambidextrous organization structure and ambidextrous strategy. Second, the fit between high levels of multi-dimensional ambidexterity and high levels of environmental uncertainty results in enhanced firm performance supporting a congruence perspective. This study suggests that firms should pursue organizational ambidexterity of a multi-dimensional nature in order to cope with uncertain environments.

참고문헌 (79)

  1. Adler, P. S., "Flexibility versus efficiency? A case study of model changeovers in the toyota production system", Organization Science, 10(1), pp.43~68 (1999)
  2. Ancona, D. G., "Time : A new research lens", Academy of Management Review, 26, pp.645~663 (2001)
  3. Auh, S., "Balancing exploration and exploitation : The moderating role of competitive intensity", Journal of Business Research, 58, pp.1652~1661 (2005)
  4. Benner, M.J., "Process management and technological innovation : A longitudinal study of the photography and paint industries", Administrative Science Quarterly, 47(4), pp.676~706 (2002)
  5. Benner, M.J., "Exploitation, exploration, and process management : The productivity dilemma revisited", The Academy of Management Review, 28(2), pp.238~256 (2003)
  6. Blackburn, R., "Cognitions of work unit structure", Academy of Management Journal, 25(4), pp.836~854 (1982)
  7. Burns, T., "The management of innovation" (1961), Tavistock
  8. Campbell, D., "The Winnertakes-all economy", The McKinsey Quarterly, 1, pp.82~93 (2001)
  9. Cantarello, S., "A multi‐level model for organizational ambidexterity in the search phase of the innovation process", Creativity and Innovation Management, 21(1), pp.28~48 (2012)
  10. Cao, Q., "Unpacking organizational ambidexterity : Dimensions, contingencies, and synergistic effects", Organization Science, 20(4), pp.781~796 (2009)
  11. Christensen, C.M., "Meeting the challenge of disruptive change", Harvard Business Review, 78(2), pp.67~76 (2000)
  12. Damanpour, F., "Organizational innovation : A meta-analysis of effects of determinants and moderators", Academy of Management Journal, 34(3), pp.555~590 (1991)
  13. Dess, G.G., "Dimensions of organizational task environments", Administrative Science Quarterly, 29(1), pp.52~73 (1984)
  14. Dess, G.G., "Poter's(1980)generic strategies as determinants of strategic group memberships and organizational performance", Academy of Management Journal, 27(3), pp.409~423 (1984)
  15. Dess, G.G., "Measuring organizational performance in the absence of objective measures : the case of the privately‐held firm and conglomerate business unit", Strategic Management Journal, 5, pp.265~273 (1984)
  16. DiMaggio, P.J., "The iron cage revisited : Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields", American Sociological Review, 48, pp.147~160 (1983)
  17. Drazin, R, "Alternative Forms of Fit in Contingency Theory", Administrative Science Quarterly, 30, pp.514~539 (1985)
  18. Duncan, R. B., "Characteristics of organizational environments and perceived environmental uncertainty", Administrative Science Quarterly, 17, pp.423~443 (1972)
  19. Duncan, R. B., "The management of organization", pp.167~188 (1976), North-Holland
  20. Floyd, S., "Strategizing throughout the organization : Managing role conflict in strategic renewal", Academy of Management Review, 25, pp.154~177 (2000)
  21. Ford, J.D, "Logics of identity, contradiction, and attraction in change", Academy of Management Review, 19, pp.756~795 (1994)
  22. Fry, L.W., "Congruence, contingency, and theory building", The Academy of Management Review, 12(1), pp.117~132 (1987)
  23. Gibson, C.B, "The antecedents, consequences, and mediating role of organizational ambidexterity", Academy of Management Journal, 47, pp.209~226 (2004)
  24. Govindarajan, V., "Strategy, Control systems, and Resource sharing : Effect on business-unit Performance", Academy of Management Journal, 33(2), pp.259~285 (1990)
  25. Gupta, A. K., "The interplay between exploration and exploitation", Academy of Management Journal, 49(4), pp.693~706 (2006)
  26. Hage, J., "Program change and organizational properties : A comparative analysis", American Journal of Sociology, 72, pp.503~519 (1967)
  27. Han, M., "Strategic ambidexterity and performance in international new ventures", Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 25, pp.335~349 (2008)
  28. Hambrick, D. C., "Some test of the effectiveness and functional attributes of Miles and Snow's strategic types", Academy of Management Journal, 26, pp.5~26 (1983)
  29. Harman, H. H., "Modern factor analysis" (1967), University of Chicago Press
  30. He, Z.L., "Exploration vs. exploitation : An empirical test of the ambidexterity hypothesis", Organization Science, 15, pp.481~494 (2004)
  31. Hill, C. W. L., "Differentiation versus low cost or differentiation and low cost : A contingency framework", The Academy of Management Review, 13(3), pp.401~412 (1988)
  32. Jansen, J. J. P., "Exploratory innovation, exploitative innovation, and ambidexterity : The impact of environmental and organizational antecedents", Schmalenbach Business Review, 57, pp.351~363 (2005)
  33. Jansen, J. J. P., "Exploratory innovation, exploitative innovation, and performance : Effects of organizational antecedents and environmental moderators", Management Science, 52(11), pp.1661~1674 (2006)
  34. Katila, R., "Something old, something new : A longitudinal study of search behavior and new product introduction", Academy of Management Journal, 45(6), pp.1183~1194 (2002)
  35. Khandwalla, P. N., "Viable and effective organizational designs of firms", Academy of Management Journal, 16, pp.481~495 (1973)
  36. Kyriakopoulos, K., "Tradeoffs in marketing exploitation and exploration strategies : The overlooked role of market orientation", International Journal of Research in Marketing, 21, pp.219~240 (2004)
  37. Lant, T.K., "An organizational learning model of convergence and reorientation", Organizational Science, 3(1), pp.47~71 (1992)
  38. Lawrence, P.R., "Organization and environment" (1967), Homewood
  39. Leonard-Barton, D., "Core capabilities and core rigidities : A paradox in managing new product development", Strategic Management Journal, Summer Special Issue, 13, pp.111~126 (1992)
  40. Levinthal, D.A., "The myopia of learning", Strategic Management Journal, 14, pp.95~112 (1993)
  41. Levitt, B., "Organizational learning", Annual Rev. Sociology, 14, pp.319~340 (1988)
  42. Lewin, A. Y., "The coevolution of new organizational forms", Organization Science, 10, pp.535~550 (1999)
  43. Lewis, M. W., "Exploring paradox : Toward a more comprehensive guide", Academy of Management Review, 25(4), pp.760~776 (2000)
  44. Lubatkin, M. H., "Ambidexterity and performance in small-to medium-sized firms : The pivotal role of top management team behavioral integration", Journal of Management, 32(5), pp.646~672 (2006)
  45. March, J., "Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning", Organization Science, 2, pp.71~87 (1991)
  46. McGrath, R. G., "Exploratory learning, innovative capacity and managerial oversight", The Academy of Management Journal, 44(1), pp.118~131 (2001)
  47. Miller, D., "Toward a new contingency approach : The search for organizational gestalts", Journal of Management Studies, 18, pp.1~26 (1981)
  48. Miller, D., "Strategy making and environment : The third link", Strategic Management Journal, 4, pp.221~235 (1983)
  49. Miller, D., "Porter's generic strategy and performance", Organization Studies, 7, pp.255~263 (1986)
  50. Miller, D., "Strategy making and structure : Analysis and implications to performance", Academy of Management Journal, 30(1), pp.7~32 (1987)
  51. Miller, D., "Relating Porter's business strategies to environment and structure: Analysis and performance implication", Academy of Management Journal, 31(2), pp.280~308 (1988)
  52. Miller, D., "External fit versus internal fit", Organization Science, 3(2), pp.159~178 (1992)
  53. Miles, R.E., "Organizational strategy, structure and process" (1978), McGraw-Hill Book Co
  54. Minzberg, H., "The structuring of organizational structure" (1979), Prentice-Hall
  55. Mom, T. J. M., "Investigating managers’ exploration and exploitation activities : The influence of top-down, bottom-up, and horizon tal knowledge inflows", Journal of Management Study, 44(6), pp.910~931 (2007)
  56. O'Reilly C.A., "The ambidextrous organization", Harvard Business Review, 82(4), pp.74~81 (2004)
  57. Ambidexterity as a dynamic capability: Resolving the innovator's dilemma, "O'Reilly, C.A.", Stanford University Graduate School of Business, ~ (1963)
  58. Pearce, J. A., "The impact of grand strategy and planning formality on financial performance", Strategic Management Journal, 8, pp.125~134 (1987)
  59. Pertusa-Ortega, E., "Competitive strategies and firm performance: A comparative analysis of pure, hybrid and “stuck-in-the-middle”strategies in Spanish firms", British Journal of Management, 20(4), pp.508~523 (2009)
  60. Podsakoff, P.M., "Self-reports in organizational research : Problems and prospects", Journal of Management, 12(4), pp.531~544 (1986)
  61. Porter, M., "Competitive strategy" (1980), Free Press
  62. Porter, M., "Competitive advantage. creating and sustaining superior performance" (1985), Free Press
  63. Porter, M., "What is strategy?", Harvard Business Review, 74(6), pp.61~78 (1996)
  64. Raisch, S., "Organizational ambidexterity : Antecedents, outcomes, and moderators", Journal of Management, 34, pp.375~409 (2008)
  65. Robbins, S. P., "Organization theory: Structure, design, and application" (1990), Prentice-Hall
  66. Shapiro, C., "Information rules:A strategic guide to the network economy" (1998), Harvard Business School Press
  67. Sheremata, W., "Centrifugal and centripetal forces in radical new product development under time pressure", Academy of Management Review, 25, pp.389~408 (2000)
  68. Simsek, Z., "A Typology for Aligning Organizational Ambidexterity's Conceptualizations, Antecedents, and Outcomes", Journal of Management Studies, 46(5), pp.864~894 (2009)
  69. Simsek, Z., "Organizational Ambidexterity : Towards a multilevel understanding", Journal of Management Studies, 46, pp.597~624 (2009)
  70. Smith, W.K., "Managing strategic paradox : a model of top management teams managing exploration and exploitation simultaneously", Organization Science, 16, pp.522~536 (2005)
  71. Thompson, J. D., "Organization in action", McGraw Hill
  72. Thornhill, S., "Strategic purity : a multi-industry evaluation of pure vs. hybrid business strategies", Strategic Management Journal, 28(5), pp.553~561 (2007)
  73. Turner, N., "Mechanisms for managing ambidexterity : a review and research agenda", International Journal of Management Reviews, 15(3), pp.317~332 (2012)
  74. Tushman, M.L, "Ambidextrous organizations : Managing evolutionary and revolutionary change", California Management Review, 38, pp.8~30 (1996)
  75. Tushman, M.L., "Winning through innovation: A practical guide to leading organizational change and renewal" (1997), Havard Business School Press
  76. Van de Ven, A., "The Concept of Fit in Contingency Theory", Research in Organizational Behavior, 7, pp.333~365 (1985)
  77. Volberda, H. W., "Toward the flexible form : How to remain vital in hypercompetitive environments", Organization Science, 7(4), pp.359~374 (1996)
  78. Yamakawa, Yasuhiro, "Exploration versus exploitation in alliance portfolio : Performance implications of organizational, strategic, and environmental fit", Research Policy, 40(2), pp.287~296 (2011)
  79. Zander, U., "Knowledge and the speed of the transfer and imitation of organizational capabilities : An empirical test", Organization Science, 6, pp.76~92 (1995)

관련 논문AI추천

IT 벤처기업의 양면형 조직과 환경의 동태성 및 기업성과에 관한 실증연구정동섭한국인적자원관리학회 · 인적자원관리연구2012 · 제19권 제4호혁신형 중소기업의 혁신성과 환경의 동태성이 조직 양면성과 경영성과에 미치는 영향이희옥, 정동섭한국인적자원관리학회 · 인적자원관리연구2015 · 제22권 제1호기술혁신 중소기업의 조직양면성 구축과 운영에 대한 다차원적 연구김병근, 최상현기술경영경제학회 · 기술혁신연구2015 · 제23권 제4호중소기업의 정보기술 역량과 기술혁신 양면성이 경영성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 환경 동태성의 영향을 중심으로서영욱, 최도영한국기업경영학회 · 기업경영연구2021 · 제28권 제4호조직 양면성과 기업성과 브리콜라주(Bricolage)의 조절효과박태경, 이주연한국기업경영학회 · 기업경영연구2020 · 제27권 제4호야누스(Janus)의 두 얼굴: 조직의 양손잡이 역량을 통한 중소기업의 성과관리오혜미, 이우진, 최윤정한국벤처창업학회 · 벤처창업연구2020 · 제15권 제1호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (6건)

기업 간 거래에서 협력사의 공정성 지각이 파트너에 대한 관계몰입과 관계성과에 미치는 영향문철우, 이상고pp. 1-25Illegitimacy Discount, Sensitivity to Trivial Difference and Distance-keeping Competition배종훈pp. 27-45불안정한 산업에서의 최고경영자 교체유형 결정요인 및 교체이후 성과백유진, 김언수pp. 47-77합작투자와 파트너 매칭(Matching)의 내재적 위험과 기회비용적 접근: 선의(善意) vs. 악의(惡意)?임형록, 정석균pp. 109-121지배주주의 소유-지배 괴리도가 이사회의 사회적 독립성에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구이경환, 서정일pp. 123-154
원문 보기