『Poema de Mio Cid』에 나타난 조동사 연구
A Study on Auxiliar Verbs in『Poema de Mio Cid』.
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This study aims at clarifying some aspects and use of auxiliar verbs: ser, estar y haber, with a focus upon Poema de Mio Çid which is the 12th century's representative text. It can be observed in this text that the verb ser was wide spread with its function as main predicate, that is, localization. In addition, ser satisfied the role of auxiliar verb for not only passive voice but also perfect tense. The multipe use of this verb, however, started to be shared gradually by new verbs like estar and haber, which were newly conceived as auxiliar. Haber started to take charge of ser, especially to replace the auxiliar ser in the perfect tense. Instead of occupying this new role, haber had to transfer its original predicative function 'possession' to tener. which made haber stay as an auxiliar verb for the perfect and future tenses and residual existence verb hay. On the other hand, estar has been confused with ser in a moment to represent localization. The phrase ‘estar pp.’ is the latest one in comparison with ‘ser/haber pp.’. Estar pp. is not yet observed in our text Poema de Mio Çid but the progressive verbal structure ́estar -ndo(gerund) was already established. Ser in Modern Spanish is being used as an exclusive auxiliar for the passive voice along with its traditional function as copula and existence verb. But we might affirm that the status of ser has been reduced when its multiple function in the 12th century is considered. The role as an auxiliar verb ser for the perfect tense ceded gradually to haber and the role for the resultative state passive to estar.
Abstract
This study aims at clarifying some aspects and use of auxiliar verbs: ser, estar y haber, with a focus upon Poema de Mio Çid which is the 12th century's representative text. It can be observed in this text that the verb ser was wide spread with its function as main predicate, that is, localization. In addition, ser satisfied the role of auxiliar verb for not only passive voice but also perfect tense. The multipe use of this verb, however, started to be shared gradually by new verbs like estar and haber, which were newly conceived as auxiliar. Haber started to take charge of ser, especially to replace the auxiliar ser in the perfect tense. Instead of occupying this new role, haber had to transfer its original predicative function 'possession' to tener. which made haber stay as an auxiliar verb for the perfect and future tenses and residual existence verb hay. On the other hand, estar has been confused with ser in a moment to represent localization. The phrase ‘estar pp.’ is the latest one in comparison with ‘ser/haber pp.’. Estar pp. is not yet observed in our text Poema de Mio Çid but the progressive verbal structure ́estar -ndo(gerund) was already established. Ser in Modern Spanish is being used as an exclusive auxiliar for the passive voice along with its traditional function as copula and existence verb. But we might affirm that the status of ser has been reduced when its multiple function in the 12th century is considered. The role as an auxiliar verb ser for the perfect tense ceded gradually to haber and the role for the resultative state passive to estar.
참고문헌 (11)
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