화학사고로 인한 영향범위 내 환경수용체와 공공수용체를 고려한 위험도 분석방법론
Suggestion of Risk Assessment Methodology by Chemical Accident Based on the Environmental and Residential Receptors
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초록
화학사고를 예방하기 위한 장외영향평가서에서는 유해화학물질 취급시설의 화학사고 위험도를 산정하고, 적절한 안전성 확보방안을 확보하도록 유도한다. 위험도를 산정하는 방법은 ‘사고영향범위 내 주민 수’와 ‘취급시설의 사고발생빈도’의 곱이다. 현재 장외영향평가서에서는 사고영향범위 내 피해 유형으로 영향범위 내 주민 수만 고려하고 있고, 환경수용체에 대한 정량적 고려가 이루어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 환경수용체를 고려한 위험도 산정 방식을 제안하였고, 가상의 시나리오 분석을 통해 주민에 대한 고려만 이루어진 위험도와 환경수용체를 고려한 위험도 산정방식을 비교 분석하였다. 이러한 연구를 통하여, 화학사고 예방을 위한 장외영향평가 제도에서 중·장기적으로 환경수용체를 고려한 위험도 분석의 필요성을 확인하고 방법론을 제안하였으며, 향후 정책 및 제도개선의 기초자료로 활용하기를 기대한다.
Abstract
The Off-site Risk Assessment (ORA) for preventing chemical accidents estimates the chemical accident risk at chemical plants. The method of estimating the risk is made by multiplying the number of residents within the effect area of the chemical accident and the frequency of accidents at a chemical plant. At present, the ORA does not quantitatively consider environmental receptors when the damage types within the scope of the accident are environmental receptors. In order to solve this problem, this study proposes a method of estimating the risk considering resident and environmental receptors. Through these studies, it was confirmed that the ORA impact for the prevention of chemical accidents requires risk analysis considering environmental receptors in the medium and long term.
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