체면중시와 LMX가 상사의 도움지원에 미치는 영향에 관한 한국과 미국 비교 연구
The Effects of Face-saving and LMX on Help Giving of Manager in Korea and the United States
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본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 상사의 도움지원이 구성원들의 문화심리적 특성에 따라 영향을 받을 수 있다는 것을 가정하고, 체면중시가 상사의 도움지원과의 관계성을 살펴보았다. 둘째, 상사와 부하의 관계성에 따라 상사의 도움지원과의 관계성이 다르게 나타날 것이라는 가정하에 LMX의 질과 상사의 도움지원과의 관계성에 대한 가설을 설정하였다. 마지막으로 체면중시와 상사의 도움지원과의 관계성에서 LMX수준이 높고 낮음에 따라서 이들의 관계가 강화되는지 약화되는지 특성활성화이론을 적용하여 탐색하였다. 이러한 세가지 실증결과는 문화가 이질적인 한국의 자동차 완성업차 협력업체로서 자동차부품을 제조하는 한국과 미국의 근로자를 비교하였다. 실증분석결과 체면중시가 강한 구성원일수록 상사의 도움지원이 클 것이라는 가설은 한국에서만 지지되었고, LMX 수준과 상사의 도움지원과의 관계는 미국과 한국 양측 모두 지지되었다. 특히 체면중시와 도움지원과의 관계성에서 LMX수준이 높을 때 체면중시 행위가 강할수록 부하에게 도움지원을 더 많이 제공한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석결과는 개인의 특성으로서 성격(personality) 뿐만 아니라 개인의 능력 또한 특성활성화이론에 의하여 설명될 수 있음을 보여준 것에서 더 진일보하여, 개인이 가진 문화심리적 특성 또한 개인의 특성으로서 적용될 수 있음을 보여주었다.
Abstract
This study is to examine 1) the relationship between face-saving and help giving, hypothesizing that employees' cultural and psychological trait will influence help giving, 2) the relationship between LMX quality and help giving, and 3) the effect of LMX on the relationship between face-saving and help giving, proposing that the LMX quality will affect the relationship between face-saving and help giving, based on trait activation theory (Tett & Burnett, 2003). Hypotheses were tested by conducting cross-cultural research with data from 510 local employees in the Korean auto-part organizations in the U. S. and in Korea. The hypothesized positive relationship between face-saving and help giving was supported, yet only in Korea. The positive relationship between LMX quality and help giving was also found both in Korea and the U. S. Furthermore, the result shows that LMX quality enhances the positive relationship between face-saving and help giving. These findings imply that, as well as personality, individual capacity can be regarded as an individual trait based on trait activation theory; therefore individual's cultural psychological factor provides further explanation of individual trait.
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