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가부장적 리더십의 온정주의 차원과 권위주의 차원이 정서적 조직몰입과 혁신 행동에 미치는 영향: 한국과 미국의 근로자를 대상으로

The Effect of Benevolent and Authoritarian Paternalistic Leadership on Affective Organizational Commitment and Innovation Behavior: A Comparison between Korean and US Employees

홍가혜|신만수|신찬혁
한국국제경영학회 (Korean Academy of International Business)|2022.08|국제경영연구 (International Business Journal)|제33권 제3호|pp. 69-100

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키워드

Innovative behavior비교문화정서적 조직몰입Cultural difference혁신 행동Affective organizational commitment온정주의 가부장적 리더십권위주의 가부장적 리더십Benevolent paternalistic leadershipAuthoritarian paternalistic leadership
주제분류경영학

초록

가부장적 리더십이 근로자의 직무 태도 및 성과에 기여한다는 연구는 오랫동안 축적되었다. 하지만 기존의 가 부장적 리더십의 국내외 연구에서는 가부장적 리더십을 단일 차원으로 인식하고 있고, 동양의 유교 사상이나 전 통적으로 강한 가족문화의 영향으로 발전되어왔기 때문에 가부장적 리더십은 아시아, 중남미, 중동 국가 등의 특 정 국가에서만 유효한 리더십이라고 주장하였다. 하지만 본 연구에서는 먼저 사회교환이론을 바탕으로 가부장적 리더십의 하위 차원인 온정주의와 권위주의 차원이 정서적 조직몰입과 혁신 행동에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 살펴 보고자 한다. 더 나아가, 비교문화관점에서 가부장적 리더십의 효과성이 동서양을 대표하는 한국과 미국에서 어 떠한 차이가 있는지 살펴보고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 388명의 한국과 미국 근로자를 대상으로 진행되었으며, 온 정주의 차원의 가부장적 리더십과 권위주의 차원의 가부장적 리더십은 각각 정서적 조직몰입에 정(+)과 부(-)의 영향을 준다는 것을 확인했다. 이어 정서적 조직몰입도 혁신 행동에 정(+)의 영향을 준다는 것을 확인했다. 한 편, 온정주의 가부장적 리더십과 정서적 조직몰입의 정(+)의 관계는 한국 근로자들에게 더 강한 긍정 효과를 나 타냈지만, 권위주의 가부장적 리더십과 정서적 조직몰입의 부(-)의 관계는 한국과 미국 근로자 사이에서 유의미 한 차이를 발견하지 못했다.

Abstract

Drawing on the social exchange theory, we analyzed whether both benevolent and authoritarian dimensions of paternalistic leadership would affect employees’ innovative behavior through their affective organizational commitment using Korean and US samples. Analyses were made to identify any heterogeneous effects of both benevolent and authoritarian paternalistic leadership on affective commitment and innovative behavior. Results showed that the benevolent paternalistic leadership behavior positively affected the affective commitment and innovative behavior of employees both in Korea and the US. Additionally, we confirmed that the authoritarian paternalistic leadership behavior negatively affect the affective commitment. Specifically, the positive effect between benevolent paternalistic leadership and affective commitment was stronger for the higher power distance culture(Korea) than for the lower one(US). However, no significant relationship between the authoritarian paternalistic leadership and affective commitment was found.

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