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고성과작업시스템이 조직성과에 미치는 영향 - 패널분석에 의한 조직 양면성의 매개효과 검증 -

The Impact of HPWS on Firm Performance - Panel Design Analysis for Mediating Effects of Organizational Ambidexterity -

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주제분류경영학

초록

고성과작업시스템은 조직 내 구성원에 대한 폭넓은 투자를 통해 현재 비즈니스의 성과(활용적 성과) 뿐 아니라 새로운 비즈니스의 성과(탐색적 성과)를 창출하는 데에도 긍정적으로 기여할 수 있다는 예측으로 인해 학계의 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 하지만 선행연구에서는 고성과작업시스템이 조직 양면성에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있을 것이라 예측함에도 불구하고, 이러한 효과가 실제로 조직성과로 이어지는 과정을 검증하려는 시도는 상대적으로 부족하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 한국직업능력개발원이 조사한 인적자본기업패널조사의 3차-5차 자료를 패널데이터로 구축하여 조직의 고성과작업시스템이 조직성과에 미치는 영향에서 조직 양면성의 매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 제조업에 속한 395개 기업의 892개 관측자료를 대상으로 진행된 패널 모형의 실증분석 결과, 고성과작업시스템 관련 제도들의 실행이 증가할수록 해당 기업의 인당 영업이익은 증가하는 것으로 나타나 조직성과에 대한 고성과작업시스템의 직접효과가 검증되었다. 또한 다수의 조직구성원으로부터 측정된 조직 양면성의 매개효과를 검증한 결과, 조직 양면성은 고성과작업시스템과 조직성과의 관계를 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 고성과작업시스템이 조직으로 하여금 당면한 활용적 성과를 향상시킬 수 있는 역량 뿐 아니라 잠재적인 탐색적 성과를 창출하는 역량을 갖출 수 있게 함으로써 조직 양면성을 높이는데 기여할 수 있음을 시사한다.

Abstract

A growing body of research has found support for the notion that HPWS (high-performance work system) enhances organizational ambidexterity, which describes organizations that pursue both exploitation and exploration activities. Although previous studies assumed that HPWS contributes to firm performance through enhancing organizational ambidexterity, this relationship is still not clearly investigated. In order to test the above assumption, we employed the panel dataset from HCCP (Human Capital Corporate Panel) to examine the direct relationship between HPWS and firm performance and the mediating role of organizational ambidexterity. Findings from 892 observations based on 395 organizations strongly support our argument that HPWS contributes to firm performance measured as net income per employee. In addition, organizational ambidexterity partially mediates the relationship between HPWS and firm performance. These results point out that implementing HPWS practices would be beneficial for firms to facing uncertain environments in which both exploitation and exploration capabilities are required.

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