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신뢰의 진화와 팀활성화

Evolution of Trust and Team Effectiveness

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주제분류경영학

초록

팀 상황에서 신뢰의 축적과 그 효과성 간의 역동성을 이해하는데 목적을 두고 자율적 프로젝트팀을 대상으로 종단연구를 실행하였다. 신뢰의 진화 개념이 제시된지 25여 년이 되어가지만 이를 실증분석한 연구는 희소하다. 이에 본 연구는 프로젝트팀에서 계산적 신뢰와 지식기반 신뢰가 시간의 흐름에 따라 변화하는지를 살펴보고 초기신뢰와 변화된 신뢰가 팀활성화에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지를 검증하였다. 팀활성화 변수로는 팀만족, 대인시민행동 및 학습을 채택하였다. 신뢰의 진화를 검증하기 위해서는 신설된 팀을 필요로 하므로 국내 대학생을 대상으로 한학기동안 진행된 프로젝트팀을 통해서 실험연구를 진행하였다. 연구대상인 팀원들은 한 학기 동안 세 차례의 프로젝트를 공동작업으로 진행하였고 각 프로젝트가 종료되는 시점에서 신뢰의 변화와 팀활성화 변수들을 측정하였다. 분석 결과, 계산적 신뢰와 지식기반 신뢰는 모두 시간의 흐름에 따라 유의하게 변화하여 높아지고 있었다. 그리고 두 신뢰 모두 처음 형성된 신뢰와 이후의 변화가 팀만족, 대인시민행동, 그리고 학습에 차별적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 아울러 연구변수들의 인과관계를 구체적으로 살펴보고자 자기회귀 교차지연 검증을 실시하였고 신뢰와 팀활성화 변수 간에 유의한 교차지연효과를 확인하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to understand the dynamics between the accumulation of interpersonal trust and its effectiveness in a team situation, and a longitudinal study was conducted on self-managed project teams. It has been about 25 years since the concept of the evolution of trust has been proposed, but there are few studies empirically analyzing it. This study examined how calculative trust and knowledge-based trust change over time in the project team, and verified how initial trust and changes in trust over time affect team effectiveness. Team satisfaction, interpersonal citizenship behavior and learning were selected as team effectiveness variables. Since a newly established team is needed to verify the evolution of trust, an experimental study was conducted through project teams performing at two university classes of the same course. This is to control the conditions of the project team as much as possible. The team members of the study conducted three projects jointly during one semester, and at the end of each project, changes in trust and team effectiveness variables were measured. As results of the analyses, it was found that there were significant changes in both calculative trust and knowledge-based trust, and it was confirmed that the initial trust and subsequent changes in both trust dimensions had differential effects on team satisfaction, interpersonal citizenship behavior, and learning. In addition, autoregressive cross-lagged model test was conducted to examine the causal relationship of the study variables in detail. Based on the results of the study, academic and practical implications are summarized.

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