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제한적 정치자금 기부금 제한법, 무제한적 선거비용, 그리고 전략적 후보자: 미국 하원선거에서의 정치자금 기부금 분석

Regulated Contribution Limits, Unregulated Spending, and Strategic Candidates: An Empirical Analysis of Individual Political Contributions in the U.S. House elections.

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Abstract

Kihong EomSince the Buckely versus Valeo decision in 1976, campaign contributions has been regulated, while campaign spending has not been regulated. This paper attempts to analyze how a strategic candidate behaves in the environment of regulated contributions and unregulated spending. Using the period of 1991-1992 to 2005-2006 cycle of the U.S. House elections, I found that the number as well as the amount of individual contributions have been increased, as campaign finance laws intended. This intended consequence, however, did not accompany with the unintended consequences. First, targeted contributors moved from a small-amount contributor to a large-amount contributor. The unintended effect is amplified since the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002. Second, the incumbency bias in contributions is also aggravated; a disparity in contributions between an incumbent and a challenger has been deepened in favor of the former. Therefore, I suggest that campaign spending limits should be accompanied with campaign contribution limits in order to obtain the intended purposes of campaign finance laws.

참고문헌 (35)

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