지역사회 거주 노인에서 인지기능과 아포지질단백질 E 유전자형의 연관성: 고령군 운수면 지역 조사
Association of Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism With Cognitive Function of the Elderly Residents in a Rural Community
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background: It is not clear whether polymorphism of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene influences the cognition of community residents. The aim of this study was to establish the association between ApoE gene polymorphism and cognitive function in an elderly rural community in Korea. Methods: A total of 388 subjects aged 65 and over were recruited. Demographic characteristics, past history of illness, and scores on the Korean version of the Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale – Short Form (GDS-S), and the Korean version of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (K-IADL) were evaluated. The lipid profile and ApoE genotype were sampled from 377 of the participants. Results: Of the entire cohort, 75% had less than 6 years of education, and 30% were illiterate. The frequencies of the ApoE ε2, ApoE ε3, and ApoE ε4 alleles were 48 (6.6%), 372 (86.9%), and 49 (6.5%), respectively. The K-MMSE score was much lower in those with two ApoE ε3 alleles than in those with only one ( p=0.046). However, the numbers of ApoE ε2 alleles (p=0.976) and ApoE ε4 alleles (p=0.934) carried by the individual were not associated with K-MMSE score. Both K-IADL (p<0.001) and GDS-S (p<0.001) scores were significantly correlated with K-MMSE score. Grouping of the participants into three groups according to K-MMSE score (i.e., 0–17 , 18–24, and 25–30) also revealed that this score was correlated with K-IADL score (p<0001), GDS-S score (p<0.001), and the ApoE ε3 allele (p=0.035). Conclusions: These results suggest that the ApoE ε3 allele has a negative influence on cognitive function (K-MMSE) in this rural community. Surprisingly, we were unable to detect any relationship between the ApoE ε4 allele and cognitive function. There was a positive correlation between K-MMSE, K-IADL, and GDS-S scores.
Abstract
Background: It is not clear whether polymorphism of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene influences the cognition of community residents. The aim of this study was to establish the association between ApoE gene polymorphism and cognitive function in an elderly rural community in Korea. Methods: A total of 388 subjects aged 65 and over were recruited. Demographic characteristics, past history of illness, and scores on the Korean version of the Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale – Short Form (GDS-S), and the Korean version of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (K-IADL) were evaluated. The lipid profile and ApoE genotype were sampled from 377 of the participants. Results: Of the entire cohort, 75% had less than 6 years of education, and 30% were illiterate. The frequencies of the ApoE ε2, ApoE ε3, and ApoE ε4 alleles were 48 (6.6%), 372 (86.9%), and 49 (6.5%), respectively. The K-MMSE score was much lower in those with two ApoE ε3 alleles than in those with only one ( p=0.046). However, the numbers of ApoE ε2 alleles (p=0.976) and ApoE ε4 alleles (p=0.934) carried by the individual were not associated with K-MMSE score. Both K-IADL (p<0.001) and GDS-S (p<0.001) scores were significantly correlated with K-MMSE score. Grouping of the participants into three groups according to K-MMSE score (i.e., 0–17 , 18–24, and 25–30) also revealed that this score was correlated with K-IADL score (p<0001), GDS-S score (p<0.001), and the ApoE ε3 allele (p=0.035). Conclusions: These results suggest that the ApoE ε3 allele has a negative influence on cognitive function (K-MMSE) in this rural community. Surprisingly, we were unable to detect any relationship between the ApoE ε4 allele and cognitive function. There was a positive correlation between K-MMSE, K-IADL, and GDS-S scores.
참고문헌 (35)
- Roses AD, "APOE is a major susceptibility gene for Alzheimer’s disease", Curr Opin Biotechnol, 5, pp.663~667 (1994)
- Strittmatter WJ, "Apolipoprotein E: high-avidity binding to beta-amyloid and increased frequency of type 4 allele in late-onset familial Alzheimer disease", Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90, pp.1977~1981 (1993)
- Rebeck GW, "Apolipoprotein E in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease: allelic variation and receptor interactions", Neuron, 11, pp.575~580 (1993)
- Luthra K, "Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism in Indian patients with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia", Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 17, pp.132~135 (2004)
- Folin M, "Apolipoprotein E as vascular risk factor in neurodegenerative dementia", Int J Mol Med, 14, pp.609~613 (2004)
- Smith GE, "Apolipoprotein E genotype influences cognitive ‘phenotype’ in patients with Alzheimer’s disease but not in healthy control subjects", Neurology, 50, pp.355~362 (1998)
- Jonker C, "Association between apolipoprotein E epsilon4 and the rate of cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly individuals with and without dementia", Arch Neurol, 55, pp.1065~1069 (1998)
- Kim JM, "Apolipoprotein E among Korean Alzheimer’s disease patients in community-dwelling and hospitalized elderly samples", Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 13, pp.119~124 (2002)
- Kim YD, "Apolipoprotein ε 4 and Cognitive Function, Daily Living Ability and Behavioral Symptoms of Dementia", J Korean Geriatr Psychiatry, 6, pp.49~56 (2002)
- 김재민, "알쯔하이머병 환자에서 아포지단백 E, 콜레스테롤, 그리고 인지 감퇴", 대한신경과학회지, 20(2), pp.124~128 (2002), 대한신경과학회
- Kang Y, "A validity study on the Korean mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE) in dementia patients", J Korean Neurol Assoc, 15, pp.300~308 (1997)
- Crum RM, "Population-based norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination by age and educational level", JAMA, 269, pp.2386~2391 (1993)
- American Psychiatris Association, "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Disorders. 4th ed", pp.143~146 (1994), American Psychiatric Association
- Juva K, "Functional assessment of scales in detecting dementia", Age Ageing, 26, pp.393~400 (1997)
- Burke WJ, "The Short Form of the Geriatric Depression Scale: A Comparison With the 30-Item Form", J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, 4, pp.173~178 (1991)
- 강수진, "한국판 Instrumental Activities of Dalily Living의 타당도와 신뢰도", 대한신경과학회지, 20(1), pp.8~14 (2002), 대한신경과학회
- Basun H, "Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and stroke in a population sample aged 75 years or more", Stroke, 27, pp.1310~1315 (1996)
- Kuusisto J, "Apolipoprotein E4 phenotype is not an important risk factor for coronary heart disease or stroke in elderly subjects", Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 15, pp.1280~1286 (1995)
- Kim YD, "Apolipoprotein epsilon4 and Cognitive Function, Daily Living Ability and Behavioral Symptoms of Dementia", J Korean Geriatr Psychiatry, 6, pp.49~56 (2002)
- 국민건강, 영양조사진행보고서노인건강실태, "통계청", 통계청, ~ (1998)
- Stewart R, "Vascular risk and cognitive impairment in an older, British, African-Caribbean population", J Am Geriatr Soc, 49, pp.263~269 (2001)
- Shadlen MF, "Education modifies the effect of apolipoprotein epsilon 4 on cognitive decline", Neurobiol Aging, 26, pp.17~24 (2005)
- Helkala EL, "Memory functions in human subjects with different apolipoprotein E phenotypes during a 3-year population-based followup study", Neurosci Lett, 204, pp.177~180 (1996)
- Menzel HJ, "Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and coronary artery disease", Atherosclerosis, 3, pp.310~315 (1983)
- Gerdes LU, "Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in a Danish population compared to findings in 45 other study populations around the world", Genet Epidemiol, 9, pp.155~167 (1992)
- Norrman J, "Apolipoprotein E genotype and its effect on duration and severity of early and late onset Alzheimer’s disease", Br J Psychiatry, 167, pp.533~536 (1995)
- Weiner MF, "Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4, other risk factors, and course of Alzheimer’s disease", Biol Psychiatry, 45, pp.633~638 (1999)
- Wisniewski T, "Apolipoprotein E. a pathological chaperone protein in patients with cerebral and systemic amyloid", Neurosci Lett, 135, pp.235~238 (1992)
- LaDu MJ, "Isoform-specific binding of apolipoprotein E to beta-amyloid", J Biol Chem, 269, pp.23403~23406 (1994)
- Myllykangas L, "ApoE epsilon3-haplotype modulates Alzheimer beta-amyloid deposition in the brain", Am J Med Genet, 114, pp.288~291 (2002)
- Gama EV, "Association of individual activities of daily living with self-rated health in older people", Age Ageing, 29, pp.267~270 (2000)
- Kral VA, "Long-term follow-up of depressive pseudodementia of the aged", Can J Psychiatry, 34, pp.445~446 (1989)
- Green RC, "Depression as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease: the MIRAGE Study", Arch Neurol, 60, pp.753~759 (2003)
- Dwivedi Y, "Altered gene expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and receptor tyrosine kinase B in postmortem brain of suicide subjects", Arch Gen Psychiatry, 60, pp.804~815 (2003)
- Sweet RA, "Neuropathologic correlates of late-onset major depression", Neuropsychopharmacology, 29, pp.2242~2250 (2004)