荀子 정치사상의 현대적 의미에 관한 연구

Abstract

Xunzi (荀子) valued the realistic possibility of moral practice, so he wanted to implement it in the political realm. In other words, it sought to realize a sage as someone who had the virtue of his wages outside. Xunzi called for a combination of civility and the middle point of law, which he called Li (禮), as “a line of carts in the politics. If you don't do politics based on Li (禮), politics don't work." He argued that politics are completed by Li (禮), but if you don't do it according to Li (禮), you will ruin it. On the other hand, Xunzi accepted the notion that both strict punishment and severe punishment should be applied, and insisted that the conflict between people should be ended via a ban on rule and punishment by law. Xunzi valued a sage sovereign, the royal family, and ruling by force; and also the ideals and the reality. In other words, Xunzi's political ideas have further embellished the value of Confucianism, suggesting the ideal state structure he has planned in the Neisheng (內聖) was introverted to Waiwang (外王). Xunzi said the center of gravity of political thought should be placed in polite governance. Xunzi's important rule of Liyi (禮義) is that each member of society can do what is right for his or her position, and eventually can govern the people by clearly distinguishing the order of identity. By emphasizing the distinction between position and status, we can ultimately maintain stability and order in society, which will eventually make the nation stronger. The modern significance of Xunzi's political ideas can be said to lie in a sound system of civil administration, which he emphasized is to set up and share posts. Xunzi insists on the appointment of a noble and competent person. In other words, Xunzi stressed that the monarch's hiring of talented people and leaving them to take charge is the basic duty of governing the country. In addition, the monarch has a duty: to set up government posts, to divide their posts, to keep political orders consistent and to clarify the system. Xunzi also insisted that each of his servants should have his own duties and authority.