『荀子』․『禮記』 「王制」의 禮治構想

Abstract

This thesis is inquiring into the matter of Ritual Politics on the Wangzhi in the Xunzi and the Lizi. As the Xunzi had enacted main body of Li(禮) to Sheng-Ren or Sheng-Wang entirely, he had promoted the discourse of Li(禮) to the matter of the theory of the State or system. And assuming the Gentleman(君子) as the operational subject which worked the Lizhi(禮制), he considered the Gentleman as the basis of law and politics. The status of Gentleman was prescribed as the main group who realized the ideal politics of King by Li. Meanwhile, Tianwang(天王) was authorized as the title in post system, and the position and duty of him was ordained. This way of thinking had not make the whole country under ruler's private possessions, and the status of ruler had been relative and objective. In the mean time, the Wangzhi in the Liji(禮記) had excluded the Emperor(天子) and feudal lords(諸侯) from the post system, and made their post transcendently. That reflected the reality of which Emperor's power structure had operated in the early of Han. But the Wangzhi in the Liji had clarified concretely the idea of realization of Ritual Politics under the Emperor's power system. These ideas had been indicated by educational system, ritual provision for old age, and regulations of punishment and imprisonment. The core of the Ritual Politics was the fruition of politics by xiao(孝), and the place of Ritual politics was school. The emphasis of the fen tian zhi lu(分田制祿) resulted from critical mind of perpendicular convergence by state power. But respect of old people under the state system was attributed to maintain the order of country village according to kinship, and to indicate the idea of xiaozhi(孝治). Therefore, school as the place of rite had guaranteed the political autonomy in comparison with the state or emperor power, and controlled the arbitrary decision of state power. As mentioned above, even though the critical mind of the Wangzhi in the Xunzi and the Lizi including the contents of relativism and objectification of emperor power, of political autonomy and identity of intellectual, and of realization of royal politics had changed ever since Imperial age, the basic idea had an effect on the formulation of the Ritual politics.