Lysimachia foenum-graecum Herba extract inhibits the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum acutatum and controls anthracnose in pepper
Lysimachia foenum-graecum Herba extract inhibits the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum acutatum and controls anthracnose in pepper
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Chemical fungicides used for controlling crop diseases pose a major global threat because of their adverse environment effects; hence, environment-friendly biopesticides have been increasingly recommended as crop disease control agents in recent years. Our previous studies showed that the total plant extract of Lysimachia foenum-graecum Herba exerted an inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of Magnaporthe oryzae, a fungal pathogen causing rice blast disease, and could remarkably control the rice disease in the field test. In the present study, we further investigated whether this plant extract can control anthracnose disease, which severely damages pepper fruits and reduces the harvesting yield. First, we tested the inhibitory effect of the total plant extract of L. foenum-graecum Herba on the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum acutatum, a fungal pathogen of pepper, in a dose-dependent manner. Following incubation on potato dextrose agar medium for 7 days, the mycelial growth of C. acutatum was significantly inhibited, with minimum inhibitory concentration and half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 300 μg/mL and 13.5 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, among four sub-fractions isolated from the total plant extract by using organic solvents, the sub-fraction of hexane showed the most efficacious IC50 value of 43.5 μg/mL, revealing the possible existence of active components that contribute to the mycelial growth inhibitory effect. In the subsequent field test performed using the total plant extract according to a specific treatment protocol, a significant mycelial growth control rate of 68.1% was obtained compared to 81.1% achieved using the chemical fungicide propineb. These results demonstrated that the L. foenum-graecum Herba extract shows a remarkable mycelial growth inhibitory effect on C. acutatum and facilitates robust control of anthracnose on pepper crops under field conditions. Thus, this plant extract has potential for application as a new environment-friendly biopesticide for controlling plant fungal diseases.
Abstract
Chemical fungicides used for controlling crop diseases pose a major global threat because of their adverse environment effects; hence, environment-friendly biopesticides have been increasingly recommended as crop disease control agents in recent years. Our previous studies showed that the total plant extract of Lysimachia foenum-graecum Herba exerted an inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of Magnaporthe oryzae, a fungal pathogen causing rice blast disease, and could remarkably control the rice disease in the field test. In the present study, we further investigated whether this plant extract can control anthracnose disease, which severely damages pepper fruits and reduces the harvesting yield. First, we tested the inhibitory effect of the total plant extract of L. foenum-graecum Herba on the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum acutatum, a fungal pathogen of pepper, in a dose-dependent manner. Following incubation on potato dextrose agar medium for 7 days, the mycelial growth of C. acutatum was significantly inhibited, with minimum inhibitory concentration and half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 300 μg/mL and 13.5 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, among four sub-fractions isolated from the total plant extract by using organic solvents, the sub-fraction of hexane showed the most efficacious IC50 value of 43.5 μg/mL, revealing the possible existence of active components that contribute to the mycelial growth inhibitory effect. In the subsequent field test performed using the total plant extract according to a specific treatment protocol, a significant mycelial growth control rate of 68.1% was obtained compared to 81.1% achieved using the chemical fungicide propineb. These results demonstrated that the L. foenum-graecum Herba extract shows a remarkable mycelial growth inhibitory effect on C. acutatum and facilitates robust control of anthracnose on pepper crops under field conditions. Thus, this plant extract has potential for application as a new environment-friendly biopesticide for controlling plant fungal diseases.