한국어 모국어 화자의 미국 영어 치경 탄설음 조음
Production of alveolar flaps in American English by native Korean speakers
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study examined how native Korean speakers realize the acoustic characteristics of /d, t/ flaps in American English. Fourteen subjects, who had lived in foreign countries for less than one year, read words containing the alveolar stops in flapping environments. /d/ (91%) became flaps more frequently than /t/ (42%). The closure durations for /d/ flaps were significantly longer than /t/ flaps, and the durations of the preceding vowels were not significantly different between /d/ and /t/ flaps. Female learners demonstrated a higher percentage of /t/ flapping than their male counterparts. Differences in flap patterns were observed among individual learners.
Abstract
This study examined how native Korean speakers realize the acoustic characteristics of /d, t/ flaps in American English. Fourteen subjects, who had lived in foreign countries for less than one year, read words containing the alveolar stops in flapping environments. /d/ (91%) became flaps more frequently than /t/ (42%). The closure durations for /d/ flaps were significantly longer than /t/ flaps, and the durations of the preceding vowels were not significantly different between /d/ and /t/ flaps. Female learners demonstrated a higher percentage of /t/ flapping than their male counterparts. Differences in flap patterns were observed among individual learners.
참고문헌 (16)
- "Praat: Doing phonetics by computer" (2016)[URL]
- Byrd, D., "Relations of sex and dialect to reduction", Speech Communication, 15, pp.39~54 (1994)
- Charles-Luce, J., "Cognitive factors involved in preserving a phonemic contrast", Language and Speech, 40, pp.229~248 (1997)
- Chen, M., "Vowel length variation as a function of the voicing of the consonant environment", Phonetica, 22, pp.129~159 (1970)
- Fisher, W. M., "Intervocalic flapping in English", Chicago Linguistic Society, 12, pp.183~198 (1976)
- Fox, R. A., "Dental flaps, vowel duration and rule ordering in American English", Journal of Phonetics, 5, pp.27~34 (1977)
- Herd, W., "An acoustic and perceptual analysis of", t, d, pp.flaps in American English, Journal of Phonetics[DOI]
- 김지은, "한국인 영어 학습자의 어말 폐쇄음과 선행 모음 길이의 상관관계 연구", 말소리와 음성과학, 3(1), pp.15~22 (2011), 한국음성학회
- Lavoie, L. M., "Phonological patterns and phonetic manifestations of consonant weakening", Ph.D, pp.2000
- Malécot, A., "The", t, d, pp.distinction in American alveolar flaps, Lingua[DOI]
- Patterson, D., "Variant frequency in flap production : A corpus analysis of variant frequency in American English flap production", Phonetica, 58, pp.254~275 (2001)
- Sharf, D. J., "Duration of post-stress intervocalic stops and preceding vowels", Language and Speech, 5, pp.26~30 (1962)
- Stathopoulous, E. T., "Closure duration of stop consonants", Journal of Phonetics, 11, pp.395~400 (1979)
- Tajima, K., "Production of an allophonic variant in a second language: The case of intervocalic alveolar flapping", Papers from the 32nd Conference of the English Linguistic Society of Japan, pp.139~145 (2015)
- The American English flapping rule and the effect of stress on stop consonant durations, "Turk, A.", Cornell Phonetics Laboratory, 103~133 (1992)
- Zue, V. W., "Acoustic study of medial", t, d, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, pp.1979, 66[DOI]
