코드스위칭의 발생 목적에 대한 연구 — 대만 시사토론 프로그램 중의 국어와 민남어 간의 코드스위칭을 중심으로

Abstract

In this paper, we extracted and analyzed a total of 93 examples of utterances in the Taiwanese current affairs discussion program <鄭知道了> that clearly identified the “purpose of code-switching.” There were four types of code-switching with a single purpose: “emphasizing nuance,” “emphasizing claims,” “increasing persuasiveness,” and “confirming facts,” while there were five types of code-switching with complex purposes: a combination of “emphasizing nuance” and “blame/criticism,” a combination of “emphasizing nuance” and “redundant emphasis,” a combination of “emphasizing claims” and “blame/criticism,” a combination of “emphasizing claims” and “increasing a sense of reality,” and a combination of “emphasizing claims” and “praise.” In this paper, for each case, the purpose of code-switching was interpreted from various angles, focusing on the dictionary meaning of the code, sociolinguistic meaning, and meaning in Taiwan’s political background. In addition, the purpose of the speaker’s code-switching in the code-switching case was inferred based on classification criteria by type, and statistics were compiled as follows to facilitate quantitative comparison. According to statistics, among the single-purpose code-switching examples, “emphasize tone” appeared the most frequently (37.6%) with a total of 35 times, followed by “emphasize claim” with a total of 20 times (21.5%). “Increase persuasiveness” and “verify facts” appeared twice each. As this is a code-switching program in a current affairs debate, we can see that the proportion of “emphasize”-type code-switching such as “emphasize tone” and “emphasize claim” is high. Among the code-switching examples for multiple purposes, the type combining “emphasize tone” and “criticize” appeared the most frequently (20.4%) with a total of 19 times, followed by the type combining “emphasize claim” and “criticize” with a total of 8 times (8.6%). What we should note about these two types with high frequency of appearance is that, because the statistics are based on speech data from current affairs debate programs, it is a reasonable inference that the combination of the types of “emphasis on tone,” “emphasis on argument,” and “accusation/criticism,” which are the most commonly used debate techniques in political debates, showed a high frequency of appearance.