라틴아메리카의 결선투표제에 대한 연구: 투표율과 순위의 변동을 중심으로
The Run-off Systems in Latin America: Voter Participation and Selecting the Victor
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This study reviews the two-round systems in Latin America. To be more specific, it is necessary to compare the theories and the realities of the two-round systems. As a result, this research finds that the two-round systems appear to exert a limited impact on improving the legitimacy and representativeness of the victors. First, voter turnout is more likely to decrease in the second round of voting. Second, however, the first runner-ups are more likely to remain at the same place rank in the second round. Third, in only 22.72% of the cases, the final victor was the candidate who had also taken first place in the first round, concurrent with increasing voter turnout. Fourth, in 18.18% of the cases, the final winner was not the candidate who had taken first place in the first round, concurrent with an increase of voter participation. Fifth, in 50.00% of the cases, the first place winner remained the same, concurrent with decreasing voter turnout. Finally, in four elections out of 44 cases (9.09%), the first runner-up became the final victor, concurrent with lower voter participation.
Abstract
This study reviews the two-round systems in Latin America. To be more specific, it is necessary to compare the theories and the realities of the two-round systems. As a result, this research finds that the two-round systems appear to exert a limited impact on improving the legitimacy and representativeness of the victors. First, voter turnout is more likely to decrease in the second round of voting. Second, however, the first runner-ups are more likely to remain at the same place rank in the second round. Third, in only 22.72% of the cases, the final victor was the candidate who had also taken first place in the first round, concurrent with increasing voter turnout. Fourth, in 18.18% of the cases, the final winner was not the candidate who had taken first place in the first round, concurrent with an increase of voter participation. Fifth, in 50.00% of the cases, the first place winner remained the same, concurrent with decreasing voter turnout. Finally, in four elections out of 44 cases (9.09%), the first runner-up became the final victor, concurrent with lower voter participation.
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