우루과이에서의 경제성장과 탄소배출의 탈동조화 연구: LMDI 분석을 중심으로

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions in Uruguay, identifying key factors influencing the decoupling process. Using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index(LMDI) method, the study analyzes Uruguay’s carbon emissions from 1990 to 2021 and evaluates the types of decoupling across different periods. Uruguay is recognized as a leading example in Latin America for successfully transitioning to renewable energy while achieving economic growth and environmental sustainability. By analyzing Uruguay’s experience, this research provides policy insights for developing countries seeking to harmonize economic development and carbon reduction. The results show that carbon emission changes were influenced by economic growth, energy efficiency, carbon intensity, and population growth. From 1990 to the early 2000s, emissions increased alongside economic growth (coupling). However, after 2011, strong decoupling was observed due to the expansion of renewable energy. Since 2016, the rise in emissions from industry and transport has led to weak decoupling. The study suggests strengthening policies for industrial and transport emissions reduction, expanding renewable energy with energy storage solutions, and enhancing international carbon reduction cooperation. Uruguay’s case demonstrates that economic growth and carbon reduction are not conflicting goals, emphasizing the importance of clear energy policies, publicprivate collaboration, and institutional support in achieving sustainable decarbonization.